First semester APUSH ID list
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Bartolome de las Casas | show 🗑
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| show | Belief that the Spanish only killed, tortured, and stole in the Americas while doing nothing good.
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| Christopher Columbus | show 🗑
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| Econmienda System | show 🗑
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| show | Spanish explorer and conquestador who led 2 expeditions to the west coast of South America (1524, 1526). He defeated the Inca of Peru and captured Atahualpa. Founded Lima in 1535
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| Francisco Coronado | show 🗑
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| Hernan Cortes | show 🗑
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| Jean-Baptist Colbert | show 🗑
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| Montezuma | show 🗑
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| show | believed to provide shortcut from Atlantic to Pacific, searched for by Giovanni de Verrazano for Francis I in the race to Asian wealth,required members of Puritan Church; took place of baptism required by church
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| show | (1394-1460) Prince of Portugal who established an observatory and school of navigation at Sagres and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire.
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| show | Pueblo Indians rose up against Spanish missionaries and settlers; established a short-lived confederacy
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| Act of Toleration | show 🗑
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| show | Dissenter in the Mass. Bay Colony who caused a schism in the Puritan community. Expelled in 1673 and established Portsmouth, RI
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| Anglican Church | show 🗑
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| show | In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon, a Virginia planter, led a group of settlers against the local Native Americans.Bacon and his men looted and burned Jamestown.Manifested the increasing hostility between the poor and wealthy in the Chesapeake region.
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| Congregationalists (Puritans) | show 🗑
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| First Great Awakening | show 🗑
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| Halfway Covenant | show 🗑
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| show | the first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619.
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| Indentured Servants | show 🗑
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| Johnathan Edwards | show 🗑
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| show | Role in establishing first permanent English colony at Jamestown, Virginia. He was a leader of the Virginia Colony (based at Jamestown) between 1607 and 1609, and led an exploration along the rivers of Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay.
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| show | governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill"
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| show | first example of self-government in the Americas. The Pilgrims, having arrived at a harbor far north of the land that was rightfully theirs, signed the Mayflower Compact to establish a "civil body politic" under the sovereignty of James I.
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| Mercantilism | show 🗑
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| show | regulated trade in order to benefit the British economy, and banned colonial competition in large-scale manufacturing.
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| Roger Williams | show 🗑
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| Salem Witch-Hunt | show 🗑
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| show | English government did not enforce those trade laws that most harmed the colonial economy. The purpose of salutary neglect was to ensure the loyalty of the colonists in the face of the French territorial and commercial threat in North America.
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| Society of Friends (Quakers) | show 🗑
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| William Penn | show 🗑
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| Battles of Saratoga | show 🗑
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| show | • In 1781, French and American forces encircled and trapped British General Cornwallis's army, forcing surrender of 8,000 troops.
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| Ben Franklin | show 🗑
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| Boston Massacre | show 🗑
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| show | (Intolerable) acts instituted by the British as punishment for the Boston Tea Party; closed Boston Harbor until debt could be repaid, dissolved all town meetings in MA, and appointed British as all government officials
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| George Washington | show 🗑
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| show | important role in the establishment of the new government under the Constitution. One of the authors of The Federalist Papers, he was involved in the drafting of the Constitution. He was also the first chief justice of the Supreme Court.
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| show | believed all people have a right to life, liberty, and property; stated the government is "created by the people for the people"
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| Loyalists (Tories) | show 🗑
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| show | Made a dramatic speech to the Virginia House of Burgesses in May 1765. "Virginia Resolves" were his resolutions for the colonies on taxes. No taxing unless by the Virginia House.
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| Samuel Adams | show 🗑
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| Seven Years War | show 🗑
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| Sons of Liberty | show 🗑
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| show | A law passed by the British Parliament in 1765 requiring colonists to pay a tax on newspapers, pamphlets, legal documents, and even playing cards.
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| Stamp Act Congress (1765) | show 🗑
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| show | English Parliament placed a tariff on sugar, coffee, wines, and molasses to pay for war debts. Forbade importation of rum. Colonists avoided the tax by smuggling and by bribing tax collectors.
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| Thomas Paine | show 🗑
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| Townshend Acts (1767) | show 🗑
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| show | Major figures in debate over Constitution, leader of Federalists, an author the Federalist Papers. Bank of U.S. as Sec. of Treasury
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| Alien and Sedition Acts | show 🗑
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| show | opponents of the Constitution during the period of ratification. They opposed the Constitution's powerful centralized government, arguing that the Constitution gave too much political, economic, and military control.
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| show | Led by Thomas Jefferson, believed people should have political power, favored strong STATE governments, emphasized agriculture, strict interpretation of the Constitution, pro-French, opposed National Bank
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| show | stressed maintaining commercial but not political ties to other nations; stressed not entering permanent alliances; America's uniqueness depended on being independent action on foreign affairs
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| show | series of newspaper articles written by John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton, the Federalist Papers enumerated the arguments in favor of the Constitution and refuted the arguments of the Anti-Federalists.
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| show | Supporters of the Constitution that firmly believed the national government should be strong. Faded with election of Thomas Jefferson
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| Federalists | show 🗑
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| James Madison | show 🗑
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| Jay's treaty (1794) | show 🗑
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| Loose Construction | show 🗑
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| show | alternative to the Virginia Plan. The New Jersey Plan favored small states in that it proposed a unicameral Congress with equal representation for each state.
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| show | defined the process by which new states could be admitted into the Union from the Northwest Territory. Forbade slavery but allowed citizens to vote on it after statehood was established.
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| Shay's Rebellion | show 🗑
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| Strict Construction | show 🗑
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| show | Drafter of the Dec. of Independence, Hamilton's rival, 3rd president, Louisiana Purchase.
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| show | South wanted slaves to count as people which would have given them more representation, North disagreed. This compromise made each slave count as 3/5 of a person.
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| Virginia Plan | show 🗑
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| show | group of farmers refused to pay federal excise tax on whiskey, Washington responds decisively with troops (1794)
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| show | known as transcontinental treaty, purchased Florida from Spain. Established western boundary for US and prevented Seminoles from invading Georgia
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| Andrew Jackson | show 🗑
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| show | A battle during the War of 1812 where the British army attempted to take New Orleans. Due to a foolish frontal attack, Andrew Jackson defeated them, which gave him an enormous popularity boost
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| show | The American ship Chesapeake refused to allow the British on the Leopard to board to look for deserters. In response, the Leopard fired on the Chesapeake. As a result of the incident, the U.S. expelled all British ships until Britain apologized.
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| Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) | show 🗑
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| Embargo Act (1807) | show 🗑
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| show | 1824 (Marshall case) states can't regulate inter-sate commerce, only Federal gov.
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| Henry Clay | show 🗑
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| John Marshall | show 🗑
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| show | The U.S. purchased the land from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains from Napoleon for $15 million. Jefferson was interested in the territory because it would give the U.S. the Mississippi River and New Orleans
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| show | 1803, Judicial Review
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| McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) | show 🗑
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| show | Admitted Missouri as a slave state and at the same time admitted Maine as a free state. Declared that all territory north of the 36°30" latitude would become free states, and all territory south of that latitude would become slave states.
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| show | A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere.
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| show | In 1816, during the administration of President James Madison, the Democratic-Republicans reversed course and supported its creation. It was patterned after the first and quickly established branches throughout the Union.
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| Treaty of Ghent (1815) | show 🗑
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| show | People in government wanted to go to war.
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| show | A political scandal that arose when the Speaker of the House, Henry Clay, allegedly met with John Quincy Adams before the House election to break a deadlock. Adams was elected president against the popular vote and Clay was named Secretary of State.
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| show | a senator from Massachusettes and the most powerful speaker of his time who was involved in the Webster-Hayne debate
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| show | Wanted slavery, less government in citizens lives.
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| Exposition and Protest | show 🗑
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| "His Accidency" | show 🗑
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| Indian Removal Act (1830) | show 🗑
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| John C. Calhoun | show 🗑
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| John Quincy Adams | show 🗑
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| Market Revolution | show 🗑
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| show | created the system of party government. claimed that political parties were necessary to "check" the government from abusing its power. created the first political machine. denounced the American System and opposed the Whigs.
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| show | states have the right to nullify a federal law they feel is unconstitutional (Kentucky and Virginia Resolves)
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| show | Caused by overspeculation of frontier lands, Jackson issued Specie Circular to force payment of loans and economy failed.
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| show | State banks where Andrew Jackson placed deposits removed from the federal National Bank in an effort to destroy the bank.
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| show | It required that the purchase of public lands be paid for in specie. It stopped the land speculation and the sale of public lands went down sharply.
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| Spoils System | show 🗑
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| Tariff of Abominations | show 🗑
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| show | the forced removal of the Cherokee to Oklahoma in the winter 1838-1839; many died along the way
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| Whigs | show 🗑
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| show | abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison and Arthur Tappan. Frederick Douglass was a key leader of the society and often spoke at its meetings
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| American Colonization Society | show 🗑
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| American Society for Promotion of Temperance | show 🗑
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| show | A transcendentalist Utopian experiment, put into practice by transcendentalist former Unitarian minister George Ripley
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| Charles Finney | show 🗑
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| show | Men dominated American families and women were the keepers of the home.
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| Declaration of Sentiments | show 🗑
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| show | Asylum reform; helped mentally ill.
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| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | show 🗑
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| Frederick Douglass | show 🗑
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| James Birney | show 🗑
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| show | abolitionists who gained legal help and acquittal for the Africans and managed to increase public support and fund-raising for the organized return trip home to Africa for surviving members of the group.
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| show | Organized by Tappans when they broke with William Garrison. Nominated Birney
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| Lucretia Mott | show 🗑
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| show | Female abolitionists and suffragists, angelina spoke out to Mass. governor
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| Second Great Awakening | show 🗑
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| show | Fought for equality between the sexes, Quaker woman.
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| William Lloyd Garrison | show 🗑
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| Antonia Lopes de Santa Anna | show 🗑
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| Compromise of 1850 | show 🗑
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| show | Democratic candidate for President in 1852 and the fourteenth president of the US. He made the Gadsden Purchase, which opened the Northwest for settlement, and passed the unpopular Kansas-Nebraska Act.
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| Free Soil Party | show 🗑
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| show | United States bought from Mexico parts of what is now southern Arizona and southern New Mexico. Southerners wanted this land in order to build southern transcontinental railroad, it also showed the American belief in Manifest Destiny.
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| show | 11th president, very pro expansion. Poke.
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| Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) | show 🗑
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| Know-Nothing Party | show 🗑
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| show | This expression was popular in the 1840s. Many people believed that the U.S. was destined to secure territory from "sea to sea," from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This rationale drove the acquisition of territory.
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| Mexican Cession | show 🗑
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| Popular Sovereignty | show 🗑
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| show | Dedicated to keeping slavery out of territories, further development of internal improvements, Comprised of Whigs, Northern Democrats, and Free-Soilers, in defiance to the Slave Powers
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| show | Senator from Illinois who ran for president against Abraham Lincoln. Wrote the Kansas-Nebreaska Act and the Freeport Doctrine
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| Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848) | show 🗑
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| show | Proposed no slavery in area of mexican cession, not passed.
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| Winfield Scott | show 🗑
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| show | 12th president of the US- American military leader. Ran as Whig in 1848 election and defeated Lewis Cass. Served in Mexican American War.
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| show | Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Antislavery, Emancipation Proclamation, Assassinated.
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| show | he man from Tennessee who was added as Lincoln's running-mate in 1864 to sew up the election by attracting War Democrats and the Border States; replaced lincoln after his death
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| show | Lincoln needed to keep them in the Union in order to have a chance in the war and be re-elected.
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| show | Northerners who went south to help reconstruct but many were accused of going to gain power. Black votes.
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| show | Charles Sumner was a leading abolitionist who condemned proslavery men. Brooks beat Sumner.
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| show | Ended reconstruction, pulled Federal troops out of South, southern democrats took over south.
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| Dred Scott Decision (1857) | show 🗑
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| Emancipation Proclamation | show 🗑
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| 15th Amendment (1870) | show 🗑
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| 14th Amendment (1868) | show 🗑
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| show | The first kind of primitive welfare agency used to provide food, clothing, medical care, and education to freedman and to white refugees.First to establish school for blacks to learn to read.
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| show | Wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin - revealed horrors of slavery to the world.
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| show | President of the Confederacy
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| show | An abolitionist who attempted to lead a slave revolt by capturing Armories in southern territory and giving weapons to slaves, was hung in Harpers Ferry after capturing an Armory
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| Ku Klux Klan | show 🗑
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| show | really wanted equality between blacks and whites, thought Lincoln wasn't doing enough for blacks.
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| Robert E. Lee | show 🗑
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| show | Southern born republicans, considered traitors by southern democrats
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| Tenure of Office Act (1867) | show 🗑
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| show | Really supported black people
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| show | freed blacks
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| show | Leader of Union Troops
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| show | Bought Alaska, Folly.
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