First semester APUSH ID list
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| show | Spanish missionary who was appalled by the encomienda system in Hispaniola and called it "a moral pestilence invented by Satan"
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| show | Belief that the Spanish only killed, tortured, and stole in the Americas while doing nothing good.
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| Christopher Columbus | show 🗑
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| Econmienda System | show 🗑
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| Francisco Pizarro | show 🗑
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| Francisco Coronado | show 🗑
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| show | • Hernando Cortes was a Spanish conquistador who went to the West Indies in 1504. In 1519, Cortes established Veracruz, the first Spanish colony in Mexico. By 1521, he had conquered the Aztec empire using horses, gunpowder, and steel weapons.
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| show | Governor of New France (Quebec)
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| show | An Aztec chieftain who believed that the Europeans were Gods and after sending them gifts welcomed them into the Aztex capital Tenochititlan. Eventually Montezuma attacked the Spanish, and the Spanish in turn took over the city.
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| show | believed to provide shortcut from Atlantic to Pacific, searched for by Giovanni de Verrazano for Francis I in the race to Asian wealth,required members of Puritan Church; took place of baptism required by church
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| Prince Henry | show 🗑
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| show | Pueblo Indians rose up against Spanish missionaries and settlers; established a short-lived confederacy
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| Act of Toleration | show 🗑
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| Anne Hutchinson | show 🗑
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| show | the national church of England (and all other churches in other countries that share its beliefs), created by Henry VIII after his falling out with the Pope over a divorce
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| Bacon's Rebellion | show 🗑
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| show | Puritan communities where the local Church served as the center of the community. Contrasted England's system of a single state church.
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| First Great Awakening | show 🗑
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| Halfway Covenant | show 🗑
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| show | the first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619.
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| Indentured Servants | show 🗑
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| show | He was an American theologian and Congregational clergyman, whose sermons stirred the religious revival, called the Great Awakening. He is known for his " Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God " sermon.
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| John Smith | show 🗑
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| show | governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill"
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| show | first example of self-government in the Americas. The Pilgrims, having arrived at a harbor far north of the land that was rightfully theirs, signed the Mayflower Compact to establish a "civil body politic" under the sovereignty of James I.
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| show | theory of trade stressing that a nation's economic strength depended on exporting more than it imported. British mercantilism manifested itself in triangular trade and in laws passed such as the Navigation Acts (1651-1673)
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| Navigation Acts | show 🗑
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| show | Roger Williams clashed with Mass. Puritans over the issue of separation of church and state. After being banished from Mass. in 1636, he traveled south, where he founded the colony of Rhode Island, which granted full religious freedom to its inhabitants.
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| show | In 1692, several girls in Salem, Massachusetts, accused their neighbors of witchcraft. More than 100 people were tried as witches, and 19 women and one man were executed.
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| show | English government did not enforce those trade laws that most harmed the colonial economy. The purpose of salutary neglect was to ensure the loyalty of the colonists in the face of the French territorial and commercial threat in North America.
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| Society of Friends (Quakers) | show 🗑
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| William Penn | show 🗑
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| Battles of Saratoga | show 🗑
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| Battle of Yorktown | show 🗑
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| Ben Franklin | show 🗑
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| Boston Massacre | show 🗑
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| Coercive Acts (1774) | show 🗑
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| show | 1st president, Farewell address, Revolutionary War General.
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| show | important role in the establishment of the new government under the Constitution. One of the authors of The Federalist Papers, he was involved in the drafting of the Constitution. He was also the first chief justice of the Supreme Court.
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| show | believed all people have a right to life, liberty, and property; stated the government is "created by the people for the people"
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| show | Typically rich, opposed to Rebellion and refused to support Continental Congress unless threatened, didn't want independence or think it was necessary
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| Patrick Henry | show 🗑
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| show | played a key role in the defense of colonial rights. He had been a leader of the Sons of Liberty and suggested the formation of the Committees of Correspondence. Spread principle of Colonial Rights and provoked BTP
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| show | English colonists and soldiers fought the French and their Native American allies for dominance in North America, along with fighting in Europe.
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| show | Radical political group for colonial independence. They incited riots and burned the customs houses where the stamped British paper was kept.
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| Stamp Act (1765) | show 🗑
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| show | 1765- group of colonists who protested the Stamp Act, saying that Parliament couldn't tax without colonist' consent
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| show | English Parliament placed a tariff on sugar, coffee, wines, and molasses to pay for war debts. Forbade importation of rum. Colonists avoided the tax by smuggling and by bribing tax collectors.
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| Thomas Paine | show 🗑
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| Townshend Acts (1767) | show 🗑
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| show | Major figures in debate over Constitution, leader of Federalists, an author the Federalist Papers. Bank of U.S. as Sec. of Treasury
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| Alien and Sedition Acts | show 🗑
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| show | opponents of the Constitution during the period of ratification. They opposed the Constitution's powerful centralized government, arguing that the Constitution gave too much political, economic, and military control.
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| Democratic Republican Party | show 🗑
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| show | stressed maintaining commercial but not political ties to other nations; stressed not entering permanent alliances; America's uniqueness depended on being independent action on foreign affairs
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| Federalist Papers | show 🗑
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| Federalist Party | show 🗑
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| Federalists | show 🗑
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| James Madison | show 🗑
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| show | Treaty in which Britain agreed to evacuate its posts on the US western frontier (1794)
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| show | the belief that what the Constitution did not forbid it permitted; proposed by Hamilton
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| New Jersey Plan | show 🗑
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| Northwest Ordinance (1787) | show 🗑
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| show | Rebellion of Rev. War veterans who did not receive ample compensation after the war. Jefferson crushed the revolution showing the govt would take action against deconstruction.
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| show | The belief that the Constitution should be interpreted "literally" or "strictly". The idea that what the constitution did not permit it forbade.
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| show | Drafter of the Dec. of Independence, Hamilton's rival, 3rd president, Louisiana Purchase.
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| show | South wanted slaves to count as people which would have given them more representation, North disagreed. This compromise made each slave count as 3/5 of a person.
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| Virginia Plan | show 🗑
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| show | group of farmers refused to pay federal excise tax on whiskey, Washington responds decisively with troops (1794)
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| Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) | show 🗑
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| show | Hero of the War of 1812, Battle of New Orleans, related to common people, Era of the Common Man,
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| Battle of New Orleans | show 🗑
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| show | The American ship Chesapeake refused to allow the British on the Leopard to board to look for deserters. In response, the Leopard fired on the Chesapeake. As a result of the incident, the U.S. expelled all British ships until Britain apologized.
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| show | 1819, New hamp. tried to take over a college by revising a charter)charters are protected under the contract clause of the U.S. constitution
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| Embargo Act (1807) | show 🗑
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| show | 1824 (Marshall case) states can't regulate inter-sate commerce, only Federal gov.
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| Henry Clay | show 🗑
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| John Marshall | show 🗑
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| Louisiana Purchase | show 🗑
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| show | 1803, Judicial Review
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| show | 1819, the elastic clause and federal state relations
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| Missouri Compromise (1820) | show 🗑
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| show | A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere.
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| show | In 1816, during the administration of President James Madison, the Democratic-Republicans reversed course and supported its creation. It was patterned after the first and quickly established branches throughout the Union.
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| Treaty of Ghent (1815) | show 🗑
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| War Hawks | show 🗑
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| show | A political scandal that arose when the Speaker of the House, Henry Clay, allegedly met with John Quincy Adams before the House election to break a deadlock. Adams was elected president against the popular vote and Clay was named Secretary of State.
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| show | a senator from Massachusettes and the most powerful speaker of his time who was involved in the Webster-Hayne debate
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| show | Wanted slavery, less government in citizens lives.
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| show | VP Calhoun wrote the South Carolina Exposition to encourage the Union to nullify the Tariff of Abominations
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| show | Nickname for President Tyler; mocking his strong vetos against the Fiscal Bank/way he attained presidency, john tyler, president without a party
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| Indian Removal Act (1830) | show 🗑
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| John C. Calhoun | show 🗑
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| show | Secretary of State, He served as sixth president under Monroe. In 1819, he drew up the Adams-Onis Treaty in which Spain gave the United States Florida in exchange for the United States dropping its claims to Texas.
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| Market Revolution | show 🗑
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| Martin Van Buren | show 🗑
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| Nullification | show 🗑
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| show | Caused by overspeculation of frontier lands, Jackson issued Specie Circular to force payment of loans and economy failed.
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| Pet Banks | show 🗑
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| Specie Circular (1836) | show 🗑
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| show | Jackson's patronage system, which allowed men to buy their way into office. This resulted in a very corrupt governmental office. Be placed in office if you supported Jackson
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| Tariff of Abominations | show 🗑
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| show | the forced removal of the Cherokee to Oklahoma in the winter 1838-1839; many died along the way
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| show | Started from federalist party, members like calhoun, clay, webster, believed in banks and industrial development.
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| show | abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison and Arthur Tappan. Frederick Douglass was a key leader of the society and often spoke at its meetings
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| American Colonization Society | show 🗑
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| show | largest reform organization of its time dedicated to ending the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages
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| show | A transcendentalist Utopian experiment, put into practice by transcendentalist former Unitarian minister George Ripley
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| Charles Finney | show 🗑
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| show | Men dominated American families and women were the keepers of the home.
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| show | petition for women's rights modeled on the declaration of independence, came out of Hartford Convention
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| show | Asylum reform; helped mentally ill.
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| show | Declaration of Sentiments, female suffrage
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| Frederick Douglass | show 🗑
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| James Birney | show 🗑
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| show | abolitionists who gained legal help and acquittal for the Africans and managed to increase public support and fund-raising for the organized return trip home to Africa for surviving members of the group.
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| show | Organized by Tappans when they broke with William Garrison. Nominated Birney
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| Lucretia Mott | show 🗑
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| show | Female abolitionists and suffragists, angelina spoke out to Mass. governor
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| show | Charles Finney, Methodists, Baptists, Burned over District
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| show | Fought for equality between the sexes, Quaker woman.
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| show | published "The Liberator" in Boston, helped found the American Anti-Slavery Society; favored Northern secession and renounced politics
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| Antonia Lopes de Santa Anna | show 🗑
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| Compromise of 1850 | show 🗑
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| Franklin Pierce | show 🗑
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| show | organized by anti-slavery men in the north, democrats who were resentful at Polk's actions, and some conscience Whigs.The Free-Soil Party was against slavery in the new territories. Advocated federal aid for internal improvements and free homesteads.
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| Gadsden Purchase (1853) | show 🗑
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| James K. Polk | show 🗑
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| Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) | show 🗑
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| Know-Nothing Party | show 🗑
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| show | This expression was popular in the 1840s. Many people believed that the U.S. was destined to secure territory from "sea to sea," from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This rationale drove the acquisition of territory.
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| Mexican Cession | show 🗑
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| show | The concept that political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. People express themselves through voting and free participation in government
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| show | Dedicated to keeping slavery out of territories, further development of internal improvements, Comprised of Whigs, Northern Democrats, and Free-Soilers, in defiance to the Slave Powers
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| Stephen Douglas | show 🗑
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| show | (1848) Ended Mexican-American War; Mexico gave up all claims to land from Texas to California for $15 million
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| Wilmot Proviso | show 🗑
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| Winfield Scott | show 🗑
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| show | 12th president of the US- American military leader. Ran as Whig in 1848 election and defeated Lewis Cass. Served in Mexican American War.
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| Abraham Lincoln | show 🗑
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| Andrew Johnson | show 🗑
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| Border States | show 🗑
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| show | Northerners who went south to help reconstruct but many were accused of going to gain power. Black votes.
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| Charles Sumner | show 🗑
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| Compromise of 1877 | show 🗑
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| Dred Scott Decision (1857) | show 🗑
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| show | Stated that slaves in the seceded south were free, but didn't actually free any because the south wasn't under federal authority. MADE WAR A MORAL CONFLICT OVER SLAVERY.
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| 15th Amendment (1870) | show 🗑
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| 14th Amendment (1868) | show 🗑
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| show | The first kind of primitive welfare agency used to provide food, clothing, medical care, and education to freedman and to white refugees.First to establish school for blacks to learn to read.
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| Harriet Beecher Stowe | show 🗑
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| show | President of the Confederacy
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| show | An abolitionist who attempted to lead a slave revolt by capturing Armories in southern territory and giving weapons to slaves, was hung in Harpers Ferry after capturing an Armory
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| show | White supremacist group, used scare tactics to scare blacks and whites into voting how they wanted
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| show | really wanted equality between blacks and whites, thought Lincoln wasn't doing enough for blacks.
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| show | Commander of Confederate Army; chose to fight for his state (the south)
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| show | Southern born republicans, considered traitors by southern democrats
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| Tenure of Office Act (1867) | show 🗑
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| Thaddeus Stevens | show 🗑
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| 13th Amendment (1865) | show 🗑
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| show | Leader of Union Troops
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| show | Bought Alaska, Folly.
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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