CH 12 Stress & Health Psychology
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| show | A state of psychological tension or stress, my body’s response to stressful situations.
Adjustment: Any effort to cope with stress
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| show | A subfield of Psychology concerned with the relationship between psychological factors & physical health & illness
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| What are stressors? | show 🗑
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| Info on Stressors: | show 🗑
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| even more info on stressors: | show 🗑
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| show | By psychiatrists Thomas Holmes & Richard Rache, scale consists of several dozen events that are assigned a point value based on the amount of adjustment they require.
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| info on the SRRS: | show 🗑
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| More info on the SRRS | show 🗑
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| show | : By MJ Renner, & RS Mackin. Includes potentially stressful events such as “finals week”, writing a major term paper, etc.
• 2/3 of the students tested had scores between 800-1,700.
• But scores ranged from a low of 182-to a high of 2,571.
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| show | An inconvenience, many of life’s stress comes from this
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| What is pressure? | show 🗑
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| What is lean production? | show 🗑
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| What is frustration? | show 🗑
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| What is conflict? | show 🗑
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| What is Approach/approach conflict? | show 🗑
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| show | Ex: student has been accepted to two equally desirable colleges/universities. The stress in this type of conflict arise form the fact that in choosing 1 option, I must give up the other
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| What is Avoidance/avoidance conflict? | show 🗑
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| What is the Approach/avoidance conflict? | show 🗑
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| show | Ex: A couple, whose only quarrel is that one wants to get married, the other is unsure. The “unsure” person wants to continue the relationship(approach) but is wary of making a life-long commitment (avoidance).
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| What is change? | show 🗑
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| show | People evaluate changes in terms of whether they have a lot or a little at stake. Stress will be very high if the event is harmful, threatening, or challenging
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| What is Secondary Appraisal? | show 🗑
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| show | For ex: if a person believes he/she doesn’t have the necessary skills & resources to cop w/the event, stress will be high.
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| What is Locus of Control? | show 🗑
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| More info on Locus of Control | show 🗑
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| show | Developed by Suzanne Kobasa, a trait in which a person who tolerate stress exceptionally well or seem to thrive on it.
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| show | •Stress-hardy people are open to change. Ex: someone who loses their job, doesn’t see the situation as catastrophic, but as an opportunity to begin a new career.
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| show | •They are internally rather than extrinsically motivated, deeply committed to their work, & immerse themselves in meaningful activities. Challenges from environment are seen as challenging, not intimidating for Stress-hardy people
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| even more info on hardiness | show 🗑
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| What is Resilience? | show 🗑
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| What is self-imposed stress? | show 🗑
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| show | •As a result, they frequently experience anxiety or other symptoms of stress in the absence of external stressors.
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| show | •Albert Ellis said that such people typically have irrational, self-defeating beliefs that add unnecessarily to the normal stressors of living.
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| show | better handling of stress
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| What is direct coping? | show 🗑
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| more info on direct coping: | show 🗑
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| Define cope | show 🗑
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| show | refers to intentional efforts to change an uncomfortable situation
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| show | •Tends to be problem-oriented & to focus on the immediate issue.
• When our needs/desires are frustrated,
• When I am threatened, we may try to eliminate the source of threat, either by attacking it or by escaping from it.
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| Example of Direct Coping: | show 🗑
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| show | Refers to various forms of self-deception that provide a means of protecting our self-esteem & reducing stress. Tends to be emotion-oriented & to focus on our state of mind.
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| show | Meet a stressful situation head-on & attempting to find a solution to the problem or attain the difficult goal.
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| show | •Includes expression of anger, can be effective, especially if we have been treated unfairly & if we express our anger w/restraint instead of exploding in rage.
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| show | One of the most common & effective ways of coping directly w/conflict, decide on a more realistic solution or goal when an ideal solution or goal is not practical.
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| show | Avoiding a situation when other forms of coping are not practical.
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| Ex on Withdrawal: | show 🗑
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| Another ex of withdrawal: | show 🗑
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| What is General Adaptation Syndrome(GAS)? | show 🗑
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| Stage 1: Alarm Reaction | show 🗑
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| show | • Activity of the sympathetic nervous system is increased resulting in the release of hormones(adrenaline, & Norepinephrine) from adrenal glands into the blood.
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| stage 1: more info on alarm reaction | show 🗑
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| show | •At the alarm stage, we might use either direct or defensive coping strategies.
• If neither of these approaches reduces the stress, we eventually enter the second stage of adaptation.
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| show | Physical symptoms & other signs of strain appear as we struggle against increasing psychological disorganization. We intensify our use of both direct/defensive coping techniques.
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| stage 2: more info on resistance | show 🗑
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| stage 2: more info on resistance: | show 🗑
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| stage 2: more info on resistance: | show 🗑
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| Stage 3: Exhaustion | show 🗑
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| Stage 3:more info on Exhaustion | show 🗑
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| Stage 3: more info on exhaustion | show 🗑
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| show | The physiological reactions that prepare us to cope well in the alarm & resistance phases weaken us in the long run. If stress continues, the person may suffer irreparable physical, psychological damage, or even death.
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| show | Invading substances such as bacteria, viruses, other microbes, & tumors.
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| What is Psychoneuroimmunology(PNI)? | show 🗑
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| What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder? | show 🗑
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