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Chapter 10 MGS 3400

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Ability   relatively stable capabilities people have to perform a particular range of different but related activities. of both genes and the environment.  
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Cognitive abilities   capabilities related to the acquisition and application of knowledge in problem solving.  
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Verbal ability   to various capabilities associated with understanding and expressing oral and written communication.  
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Oral comprehension   ability to understand spoken words and sentences.  
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Written comprehension   the ability to understand written words and sentences  
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Oral expression   ability to communicate ideas by speaking  
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Written expression   the ability to communicate ideas in writing.  
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Quantitative ability   refers to two types of mathematical capabilities. Number facility and mathematical reasoning.  
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Number facility   capability to do simple math operations (adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing).  
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Mathematical reasoning   the ability to choose and apply formulas to solve problems that involve numbers.  
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Reasoning ability   actually a diverse set of abilities associated with sensing and solving problems using insight, rules, and logic.  
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Problem sensitivity   the ability to sense that there’s a problem or likely will be one.  
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Deductive reasoning   the use of general rules to solve problems.  
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Inductive reasoning   the ability to consider several specific pieces of information and then reach a more general conclusion regarding how those pieces are related  
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Originality   the ability to develop clever and novel ways to solve problems  
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Spatial ability   Spatial orientation Visualization  
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Spatial orientation   having a good understanding of where one is relative to other things in the environment  
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Visualization   ability to imagine how separate things will look if they were put together in a particular way.  
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Perceptual abilities   generally refer to being able to perceive, understand, and recall patterns of information.  
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Speed and flexibility of closure   being able to pick out a pattern of information quickly in the presence of distracting information, even without all the information present.  
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Perceptual speed   being able to examine and compare numbers, letters, and objects quickly.  
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general mental ability   sometimes called g or the g factor —that underlies or causes all of the more specific cognitive abilities discussed so far.  
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Emotional intelligence   human ability that affects social functioning.  
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Self-awareness   the appraisal and expression of emotions in oneself  
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Other awareness   appraisal and recognition of emotion in others  
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Emotion regulation   being able to recover quickly from emotional experiences  
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Use of emotions   the degree to which people can harness emotions and employ them to improve their chances of being successful in whatever they are seeking to do.  
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Strength   degree to which the body is capable of exerting force.  
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Static strength   the ability to lift, push, or pull very heavy objects using the hands, arms, legs, shoulder, or back.  
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Explosive strength   when the person exerts short bursts of energy to move him- or herself or an object.  
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Dynamic strength   the ability to exert force for a prolonged period of time without becoming overly fatigued and giving out.  
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Stamina   the ability of a person’s lungs and circulatory system to work efficiently while he or she is engaging in prolonged physical activity  
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Flexibility   the ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach.  
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Extent flexibility   when people need to work in a cramped compartment or an awkward position  
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Dynamic flexibility   when a job requires repeated and somewhat quick bends, stretches, twists, or reaches.  
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Gross body coordination   the ability to synchronize the movements of the body, arms, and legs to do something while the whole body is in motion.  
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Gross body equilibrium   ability to maintain the balance of the body in unstable contexts or when the person has to change directions.  
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Psychomotor abilities   generally refer to the capacity to manipulate and control objects  
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Fine manipulative abilities   the ability to keep the arms and hands steady while using the hands to do precise work.  
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Control movement abilities   important in tasks for which people have to make different precise adjustments using machinery to complete the work effectively.  
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Response orientation   the ability to choose the right action quickly in response to several different signals.  
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Response time   how quickly an individual responds to signaling information after it occurs  
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Sensory abilities   capabilities associated with vision and hearing.  
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Near and far vision   the ability to see things up close and at a distance or in low light contexts  
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Visual color discrimination and depth perception   the ability to perceive colors and judge relative distances between things accurately.  
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Hearing sensitivity   the capability to hear and discriminate sounds that vary in terms of loudness and pitch.  
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Auditory attention   being able to focus on a single sound in the presence of many other sounds.  
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Speech recognition   the ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.  
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Wonderlic Personnel Test   12-minute test of general cognitive ability that consists of 50 questions.  
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