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Cognitive abilities
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Chapter 10 MGS 3400
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ability | relatively stable capabilities people have to perform a particular range of different but related activities. of both genes and the environment. |
| Cognitive abilities | capabilities related to the acquisition and application of knowledge in problem solving. |
| Verbal ability | to various capabilities associated with understanding and expressing oral and written communication. |
| Oral comprehension | ability to understand spoken words and sentences. |
| Written comprehension | the ability to understand written words and sentences |
| Oral expression | ability to communicate ideas by speaking |
| Written expression | the ability to communicate ideas in writing. |
| Quantitative ability | refers to two types of mathematical capabilities. Number facility and mathematical reasoning. |
| Number facility | capability to do simple math operations (adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing). |
| Mathematical reasoning | the ability to choose and apply formulas to solve problems that involve numbers. |
| Reasoning ability | actually a diverse set of abilities associated with sensing and solving problems using insight, rules, and logic. |
| Problem sensitivity | the ability to sense that there’s a problem or likely will be one. |
| Deductive reasoning | the use of general rules to solve problems. |
| Inductive reasoning | the ability to consider several specific pieces of information and then reach a more general conclusion regarding how those pieces are related |
| Originality | the ability to develop clever and novel ways to solve problems |
| Spatial ability | Spatial orientation Visualization |
| Spatial orientation | having a good understanding of where one is relative to other things in the environment |
| Visualization | ability to imagine how separate things will look if they were put together in a particular way. |
| Perceptual abilities | generally refer to being able to perceive, understand, and recall patterns of information. |
| Speed and flexibility of closure | being able to pick out a pattern of information quickly in the presence of distracting information, even without all the information present. |
| Perceptual speed | being able to examine and compare numbers, letters, and objects quickly. |
| general mental ability | sometimes called g or the g factor —that underlies or causes all of the more specific cognitive abilities discussed so far. |
| Emotional intelligence | human ability that affects social functioning. |
| Self-awareness | the appraisal and expression of emotions in oneself |
| Other awareness | appraisal and recognition of emotion in others |
| Emotion regulation | being able to recover quickly from emotional experiences |
| Use of emotions | the degree to which people can harness emotions and employ them to improve their chances of being successful in whatever they are seeking to do. |
| Strength | degree to which the body is capable of exerting force. |
| Static strength | the ability to lift, push, or pull very heavy objects using the hands, arms, legs, shoulder, or back. |
| Explosive strength | when the person exerts short bursts of energy to move him- or herself or an object. |
| Dynamic strength | the ability to exert force for a prolonged period of time without becoming overly fatigued and giving out. |
| Stamina | the ability of a person’s lungs and circulatory system to work efficiently while he or she is engaging in prolonged physical activity |
| Flexibility | the ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach. |
| Extent flexibility | when people need to work in a cramped compartment or an awkward position |
| Dynamic flexibility | when a job requires repeated and somewhat quick bends, stretches, twists, or reaches. |
| Gross body coordination | the ability to synchronize the movements of the body, arms, and legs to do something while the whole body is in motion. |
| Gross body equilibrium | ability to maintain the balance of the body in unstable contexts or when the person has to change directions. |
| Psychomotor abilities | generally refer to the capacity to manipulate and control objects |
| Fine manipulative abilities | the ability to keep the arms and hands steady while using the hands to do precise work. |
| Control movement abilities | important in tasks for which people have to make different precise adjustments using machinery to complete the work effectively. |
| Response orientation | the ability to choose the right action quickly in response to several different signals. |
| Response time | how quickly an individual responds to signaling information after it occurs |
| Sensory abilities | capabilities associated with vision and hearing. |
| Near and far vision | the ability to see things up close and at a distance or in low light contexts |
| Visual color discrimination and depth perception | the ability to perceive colors and judge relative distances between things accurately. |
| Hearing sensitivity | the capability to hear and discriminate sounds that vary in terms of loudness and pitch. |
| Auditory attention | being able to focus on a single sound in the presence of many other sounds. |
| Speech recognition | the ability to identify and understand the speech of another person. |
| Wonderlic Personnel Test | 12-minute test of general cognitive ability that consists of 50 questions. |
Created by:
svalero1