Immobility for NU112
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| Exercise | - the body was designed for motion so regular exercise contributes to a healthy body
- most people move joints with regular activity
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| Immobility | - Has a negative effect
- within 24 hours a joint stiffens
- longer periods tendons and muscles will be effected
- when joints cannot be moved a nurse will have to perform ROM exercises
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| ROM | - Range of Motion
- are exercises that a nurse performs on each joint through a full range of motion that a joint can perform without causing pain
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| Causes of Immobility | - Depression
- Confusion, dementia
- Pain, fatigue, hypovolemia
- injury, trauma, surgery
- General Deterioration
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| Alterations in Mobility | - maybe temporary or permanent
- most diseases involve some degree of immobility
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| life expectancy and Immobility | - Longer life expectancy for most Americans
- incidences of disease and disability grows
- shorter hospital stays result
- pt. trans to rehab or home for physical therapy
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| Body Changes and Immobility | - Loss of muscle mass, strength and function cause stiffer joints and gait changes
- affects balance and compromises mobility of elderly
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| Elderly and Mobility | - moving is paramount to elderly
- allows them to perform ADLs and independence
- increased risk of immobility
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| Safety issues and Immobility | - Fall Risk
- Altered skin Integrity
- Risk of Pneumonia
- Risk for DVTs
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| Morse Fall Scale | - This assess a persons risk for a fall.
- assess
- History
- secondary diagnosis
- ambulatory aid
- IV or IV access
- Gait
- Mental Status
- The higher the number the more apt to fall
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| Immobility and Cardiovascular | - increase cardiac workload
- increased orthostatic hypotension
- increased venous thrombosis
- Venous stasis
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| Immobility and Respiratory | - Decreased depth of resp.
- Dec. resp rate
- pooling of secretions
- impaired gas exchange
- hypostatic pneumonia
- atelectasis
- dyspnea
- confusion, irritablity
- impaired cough
- chest pain
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| Hypostatic Pneumonia | - the depth and rate of resp and the movement of secretions in the resp. tract is decreased when a person is immobile.
- the pooling of secretions and congestion predispose to resp. tract infection.
- S&S: Increased temperature
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| Atelactasis | - when are area of lung tissue are not used over a period of time
- incomplete expansion or collapse of lung tissue may occur.
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| Immobility and Gastrointestinal | - disturbance in appetite
- altered protein metabolism
- altered digestion and utilization of nutrients
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| Immobility and Urinary | - Decreased bladder muscle tone
- Increased Renal calculi
- Increased Urinary Stasis leading to UTIs
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| Immobility and Muscular System | - Muscle Atrophy
- Decreased joint mobility, flexibility
- Decreased endurance, stability
- increased risk for contracture formation
- Ankylosis
- Osteoporosis
- Bone demineralization
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| Ankylosis | - Bones fuse together when in contracture
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| Immobility and Metabolic System | - Increased risk of electrolyte imbalance
- Altered Exchange of nutrients and gases
- Decreased Metabolic rate
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| Immobility and Skin Integrity | - Risk of skin breakdown, which leads of necrosis and ulceration of tissues, especially in bony area.
- Pressure ulcer formation
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| Immobility and Psychological | - Increased sense of powerlessness
- Decreased self concept
- Decreased social interaction
- Decreased sensory stimulation
- Altered sleep-wake patterns
- Increased risk for depression
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| Exercise and Cardiovascular | - Increased efficiency of the heart
- decreased resting heart rate
- increases blood flow and oxygenation to all body parts
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| Exercise and Respiratory | - Increased depth and rate
- Increased gas exchange at alveolar level
- Increased rate of carbon dioxide excretion
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| Exercise and Gastrointestinal | - Increased appetite
- Increased Intestinal tone
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| Exercise and Urinary system | - Increased blood flow to kidneys
- Increased efficiency in fluid and acid/base balance
- Increased efficiency in excreting body waste
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| Exercise and Mesculoskeletal | - Increased Muscle tone
- Increased coordination
- Increased of nerve impulse transmission
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| Exercise and Metabolic System | - Increased eff. of Metabolic system
- Increased eff. of body temp regulation
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| Exercise and Integumentary | - Improved color, tone, turgor resulting from improved circulation
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| Exercise and Psychological | - Energy vitality, general well being
- Improved Sleep
- Improved Appearance
- Improved Self-concept
- Positive health behaviors
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