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physic U4

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
show Thomas Edison ; 1896  
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show Patterson CB2 screen  
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Early fluoroscopy required what for the eyes? What eyes could be worn?   show
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show zinc cadmium sulfide  
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show yellowish/green light which is a very low light  
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When were advances made to image intensification and why?   show
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What things are read for improvement in image intensification?   show
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show lens at the front of the eyes  
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Where is the light focused in the eye?   show
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What is the membrane lininig the inside surface of the eye?   show
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What are the two types of cells that the retina contains?   show
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These are concentrated in a small spot in the center of the eye and are sensitive to light at ordinary brightness(used for daylight)   show
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These are cells distributed throughout the retina and are used at low brightness levels(darkness)   show
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This is the ability to discriminate small images?   show
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Cones can descriminate between contrast levels as low as what?   show
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show 50%  
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How much time for darkness is needed to adapt for conventional fluoroscopy is required?   show
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What is an electronic device that converts instantaneously, in several steps, an x-ray image pattern into a cooresponding visible light pattern of significantly higher energy per square cm i=of viewing system   show
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show an aluminium dish  
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show light photons  
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show 32,000  
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What is the input screen/phosphor composed of   show
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the photocathode is seperated from the input phosphor by what   show
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show electrons; the most inefficient part of the unit  
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What is the photocathode composed of?   show
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This is surrounded by an anode   show
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What does the output screen/phospher convert elctrons (electrostatic latent image into?   show
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show zinc sulfide  
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Where are the electrostatic lens/grids placed   show
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show Help to focus the electrons(electrostatic image) onto the output phosphor  
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A potential difference of___kVp between the - and + to increase what?   show
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what does all of these intensify?   show
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The giving of the electronos kinetic energy is called?   show
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What does electronic intensification do?   show
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the light photons are forced into a smaller area on the output phosphor as compared to the input phosphor is called?   show
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show radiation energy->light photon energy->electrons(electrostatic latent image->visible light image  
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show x-ray->light->electrons->light->electric signal->light  
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Electronic intensification will be responsible for about______ of the increase in brightness and minification about____ of the increase in brightness for and approximate increase of brightness of about_____   show
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show Image Amplifier Gain  
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show Electronic intensification (minification)  
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This is the measurement based on the comparision of light given off at the output phosphor in relation with light given off by the input phosphor   show
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This is the radom fluctuation of brightness over a given are caused by the number of light photons available at any given instant of time for that area   show
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show resolution  
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show lines per inch using the line bar test tool  
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What are the factors that affect resolution?   show
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show line pairs  
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show per inch or millimeter  
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WThis is when electrons leave the photo emissive layer of the input phosphor and get pulled away from their path by outside magnetic forces   show
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show 14 degrees  
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This is a metallic ring constructed of an alloy that has the same tempature coefficient as that of the glass envelope and is used as a cathode connection   show
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The covar ring helps the glass from_____   show
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show contrast  
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show Contrast sensitivity  
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show Focusing  
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show gas spots  
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These are instruments used to remove the gas spots and is done automatically   show
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show vignitting  
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show Fields of view(areas examined)  
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show Multifield Image intensifier  
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What are the most common types of multifiled image intensifiers   show
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show a higher voltage is placed on the electrostatic grid  
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If you increase the voltage you do what to the FOV   show
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The smaller the FOV is what happens to the image   show
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show increases the dose  
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show dimmer image/ to compensate for this the mA is automatically increased  
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The ABC varies the_____ accrouding to the changes in the part examined   show
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Where is the detector(ABC) placed on the fluro tower   show
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AGC varies what   show
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show brightness control  
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show on the fluoro tower which can be adjusted by the operator as needed  
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show 4-6mA  
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show 65-75;70-80;70-80;80-90;100-110;110-120;110-120  
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show 5 minutes  
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When contrast is___ at the TV monitor, the amount of____on the monitor will___ also   show
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show turned up;turned down; noise effect  
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The ___ should be adjusted first then____   show
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To help reduce unwanted magnification what should you do?   show
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The brake should be what for the patients safety   show
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show 38cm stationary; 30cm for mobile units  
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What is the equivalence for filtration   show
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What must the exposure switch be   show
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show .25mm Pb  
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What is the equivelance for the protective curtain   show
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What is the intensity for a table top; for fluoroscopy   show
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for every____ of fluoroscopic technique one can assume a tabletop intensity of______   show
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The image intensifier assembly serves as a primary protective barrier and must be at least____   show
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show Vidicon  
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show Plumbicons  
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show Electron gun-cathode; target assembly-anode; electrostatic grids  
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show A-small size,easly manipulated and can withstand rough handling D- can not accommodate other imaging devices and cassette loaded spot films asr necessary  
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show lens coupling  
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this accepts the light for the output phosphor and alignment of the lens is the most critical   show
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show has a beam splitter and objective lens  
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What are the advantages and disadvantages to lens coupling   show
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show raster pattern  
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The electron beam starts in the upper-left corner of the screen and moves to the upper right cornor to produce an______   show
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show horizontal trace  
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show Television field  
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show Verticle trace  
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show television field; interlace  
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show one television frame; 262 lines;1/60;525 line;1/30; 525 line system  
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show weakest  
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