Thalamus Info
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| Anterior Nucleus functions & destination | Limbic Pathways
Cingulate Gyrus
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| Mediodorsal Nucleus functions & destination | Limbic pathways, major relay to frontal cortex
Frontal Cortex
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| Centromedian Nucleus (Intralaminar group) functions & destination | Motor relay for BG
Stratum, cerebral cortex
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| Lateral Dorsal nucleus functions & destination | Functions with anterior nuclei
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| Lateral Posterior Nucleus functions & destination | Functions with pulvinar (vision)
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| Ventral anterior nucleus functions & destination | Relays BG & cblr inputs to cortex
Widespread to frontal lobe, including pre-frontal, pre-motor, motor & supplementary motor cortex
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| Ventral Lateral nucleus functions and destination | Relays BG & cblr inputs to cortex
Motor cortex
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| Ventral Posterior Lateral Nucleus (VPL) functions & destination | Relays somatosensory spinal input to cortex
Sensory cortex
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| Ventral Posterior Medial Nucleus (VPM) functions & destination | Relays somatosensory CN inputs & taste to cortex
Somatosensory & taste cortex
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| Reticular Nucleus | Relays info that may regulate thalamic activity; connected to RF & cortex
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| Blood Supply of the Thalamus | Basilar root of PCA;
PCA;
Post. Communicating a.;
Internal carotid a.
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| Internal Capsule Blood supply | Posterior Limb & Genu- Lateral Striate (branch of MCA)
Anterior Limb- Medial Striate (branch of ACA)
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| Posterolateral Territory (Caudal Part of Lateral Group) | Branches of PCA
Primary sensory nuclei: VPL, VPM, Pulvinar/Centromedian Nuclei
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| Lesion to Posterolateral Territory causes what s/sx? | Pansensory loss;
Paresthesia;
Contralateral thalamic pn
All s/sx contralateral!
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| Anterolateral Territory (Rostral Part of Lateral Group) | Posterior communicating aa.
VA, VL, Dorsomedial, & Anterior nuclei
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| Lesion to Anterolateral Territory causes what s/sx? | Neuropsychological- abulia, L side- speech, R side- visuospatial problems, contralateral hemiparesis, visual field cuts
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| Medial Thalamic Territory | PCA Basilar Root
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| Lesion to Medial Thalamic territory causes what s/sx? | Drowsiness, usually a bilateral lesion
This territory deals with more abstract things
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| Lateral Thalamic Territory | Internal Carotid
Post. Limb of IC, LGN, VPL, Pulvinar, Reticular thalamic nuclei
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| Lesion to Lateral Thalamic Territory causes what s/sx? | Contralateral hemiparesis, dysarthria, +/- visual field cuts
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| Posterior Thalamic Territory | LGN, Pulvinar, Dorsolateral nuclei
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| Lesion to Posterior Thalamic territory causes what s/sx? | Contralateral homonymous quadrantopsia, hemihypesthesia, neuro defects (memory deficits), visual field cuts
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| Lesion of Sub-Thalamus | Largely connected to GP;
Sudden, forceful involuntary mvmts in contralateral extremity
Jerky mvmts- choreiform;
Violent mvmts- ballistic;
Hemiballism
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| Pineal Tumors | Depress gonadal fxn, delay puberty, also interfere with vertical gaze (b/c directly above midbrain)
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| Pineal Lesion | Early onset of puberty
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