Mgmt of Pt w/ Oncologic or Degenerative Neurologic Disorders
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| rapid, jerky, involuntary, purposeless mvmts of extremities or facial muscles, including facial grimacing | chorea
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| imparied ability to execute voluntary mvmts | dyskinesia
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| small and often illegible handwriting | micrographia
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| edema of optic nerve | papilledema
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| Brain tumors originating within brain tissue are known as (primary, secondary) and the most common type is? | primary, gliomas
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| The most common type of gliomas are | astrocytomas graded from I to IV with this being I and II and glioblastoma being III and IV
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| Brain tumors arising from supporting structures like the meninges is called | meningiomas....oma = tumor
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| Brain tumors that dev large mass of blood vessels and have high risk of bleeding are | angiomas
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| seizure-like mvmts localized on one side of the body indicates brain tumor where? | motor cortex
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| Visual loss in half of the visual field(contralateral homonymous hemianopsia), visual hallucinations indicates brain tumor where | occipital lobe
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| dizziness, ataxia, staggering gait, muscle incoordination, nystagmus(involuntary rhythmic eye mvmts) indicate brain tumor where? | cerebellam
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| Change in personality, emotional state/behavior, use obscene language, untidy, careless indicates brain tumor where? | frontal lobe
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| In diagnostic testing for brain tumors, this test gives specific info of number, size, density of lesions | CT scan
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| This test is helpful in detecting brain tumors, smaller lesions, in brain stem/pituitary and can often make biopsy unecessary | MRI
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| This test shows shows metabolic activity of the tumor and helps w/ tx. | PET scan
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| Cancer pt in chemotherapy often need this to replinish their bone marrow | bone marrow transplant infused after chemo is over
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| Name two drugs for chemotherapy one that x BBB and one doesn't. | nitrosoureas, not x BBB
temozolomide, does x BBB
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| To reduce HA, edema, inflammation in brain tumors will be? To decrease fluid, ICP? Antiseizure med? | corticosteroids: dexamethasone (Decadron), prednisone
fluid: Mannitol
seizure: phenytoin(Dilantin)
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| 1.Intramedullary lesions? 2.extramedullary-intradural lesions? 3.extramedullary-extradural lesions? | 1. w/in spinal cord
2.w/in or under spinal dura
3. outside dural membrane
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| what is primary tx for spinal cord tumors? What is hallmark of spinal metastasis? | surgery
Pain
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| A slowly progressing neurodegenerative disease with decreased levels of dopamine(inhibitory) are? | Parkinson's Disease
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| Main s/s of Parkinson's Disease | tremor, rigidity(cog wheeling), bradykinesia
other s/s: pill rolling, shuffling gait
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| When do s/s appear for Parkinson's Disease | 5th decade
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| How do antiparkinsonian drugs act? | increase dopamine, reduce cholinergic(excitatory), giving balance bn dopamine/cholinergic
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| What is the most effect drug for Parkinson's Disease | Levadopa where it's converted to dopamine in basal ganglia x BBB producing relief.
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| What anticholinergic drugs help control tremors | Artane, Congentin
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| What antiviral drugs help with Parkinson's | Amantadine(Symmetrel)
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| This inhibitor can have incr BP if tyramine foods are eaten. | MAO inhibitors
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| Other drugs used in Parkinson's: Antidepressants: Tricyclic SRRIs Antihistimines | tri: Elavil
SRRI: Prozac, Wellbutrin
anth: Benadryl, Neo-Synephrine
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| Which pt are candidates for stereotactic surgical procedure with Parkinson's? | Pts with idiopathic disease, taking max dose of Levadopa, not with dementia.
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| What are nsg mgmt for Parkinson's in improving motility? Bowel elimination? Swallowing? | Mot: teach to swing arms, walk erect, marching(lift feet)
Bow: fluids, schedule, no lax, Metamucil
Swall: eat upright, thick fluids
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| A progressive disease that leads to choreiform mvmts and dementia is known as? Chorea like mvmts are? | Huntington's Disease
abnormal involuntary mvmts
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| What medical mgmt control chorea in Huntington's Disease? Overmedication is seen as motor restlessness known as | Navane, Haldol, which block dopamine receptors
Nsg mgmt: alt comm. system
akathisia, can be mistaken for disease s/s and be overlooked
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| Alzeheimer's Disease prgresses into 3 stages that present with what s/s? | progressive loss of memory, loss of reason, loss of functional abilities
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| This is a progressive loss of motor neurons(atrophy of muscles in arms, legs, trunk), so still can feel and known also as Lou Gehrig's disease | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), no cure
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| This progressive disease is characterized by wasting, weakening of muscle fibers thus skeletal/voluntary muscles | Muscular Dystrophiesm, no cure
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| Degenerative Disk Disease results in what to the intervertebral disks in either cervical/thoracic/lumbar areas | herniation
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| Surgical terms for herniations of cervical/lumbar disks: discectomy? laminectomy? hemilaminectomy? foraminotomy? |
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| Elderly people developing weakness, fatigue, and musculoskeletal s/s with a hx of polio are suffering from? | Postpolio Syndrome and tx is to control joint s/s(joint/muscle weakness)
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| this polyneuropathic disease is caused by food poisoning. s/s? tx? | Botulism
s/s: N/V, diarrhea in 12-36h, ptosis(eye drooping)
tx: botulinum antitoxin IV and purge GI tract, gastric lavage
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| Stage 3 of syphilis presents how? tx? | + RPR, dementia/psychosis
tx: penicillin
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| This diseases causes an acute encephalitis from wild animals? s/s? tx? | rabies
s/s: hydrophobia(want, but can't drink), coma, death
tx: vaccine(prevent), post vaccines: immune globulin(passive immunity), vaccine series(active immunity) day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14
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