Hazardous Materials
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| ABSORPTION | The substance is taken into the material (absorbed). Taking in toxic material by the absorption in the skin.
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| ACGIH | American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists
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| ADSORPTION | The substance stays on the material (adheres). Taking in toxic material by contact with the skin.
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| ACUTE EXPOSURE | Short term, one time exposure with immediate response
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| AIR INVERSION | Temperature of the air some distance above the earth's surface is higher than the air temperature of the surface.
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| AIR REACTIVE MATERIALS | Substances that will ignite at normal temperatures when exposed to air
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| BIOHAZARD | Etiological agents. Infectious wastes
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| BIOMEDICAL HAZARD | Infectious medical waste
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| BLEVE | Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion. A container failure with a release of energy, rapidly and violently, accompanied by a release of gas to the atmosphere, followed by ignition (fireball) and propulsion of the container or container pieces.
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| BOILING POINT | That temperature at which a subtance changes from liquid to a gas or vapor state, varying in accordance with altitude and pressure.
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| CCR | California Code of Regulations
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| CEQA | California Environmental Quality Act
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| CERCLA | Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980
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| CFR | Code of Federal Regulations
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| CHRONIC | Long Term Exposure
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| COLD ZONE | Where Command Post is located during emergency situation. AKA as the SUPPORT ZONE.
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| COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID | Any liquid having a flash point at or above 100 degrees F
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| COMMAND POST | The location where all the lead agencies meet and determine how to deal effectively with an incident.
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| COMPRESSED GAS | Any material or mixture which when enclosed in a container has an absolute pressure exceeding 40 psi at 70 degrees F or exceeding 140 psi at 130 degrees F
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| CONFINED SPACE | An area or space with a difficult or limited entry and exit and that does not have adequate natural ventilation. The area can become devoid of oxygen and can cause suffocation.
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| CONTROL AGENT | Any material that is used to contain or extinguish a hazardous material or its vapors
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| CORRECTIVE ACTIONS | Actions taken by the incident commander to correct the problem at hand in a hazardous materials emergency.
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| CORROSIVE MATERIAL | Any liquid or solid that can destroy human skin tissue, or a liquid that has a severe corrosion rate on steel.
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| CRYOGENIC LIQUID | Gases which must be cooled to a very low temperature to bring about a change from gas to liquid.
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| DANGEROUS CARGO MANIFEST | A cargo manifest used on ships contains a list of all the hazardous materials onboard, including their location.
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| DECONTAMINATION | A precautionary stage to clean equipment, rinse and dispose of contaminated equipment used in hazardous materials response
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| DOT | Federal Department of Transportation
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| DOWNWIND | Wind direction, wind to your face
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| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency
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| EXCLUSIONARY ZONE | HOT ZONE. Area where the incident is occuring. Zone can extend to 1500 feet or more
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| FLAMMABLE GAS | Any gas that will burn.
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| FLAMMABLE LIQUID | Any liquid having a flash point below 100 degrees F
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| FLAMMABLE MATERIAL | The temperature range when a subtance can support combustion
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| FLAMMABLE RANGE | A substance that is capable of being easily ignited and of burning rapidly
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| FLAMMABLE SOLID | Any material (other than an explosive) that can cause fire through friction, retained heat from manufacturing/processing, or that can be ignited readily and when ignited burns so vigorously and persistently as to create transportation hazard.
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| FLASHBACK | Re-ignition of flammable liquid caused by exposure of its vapors to an ignition source
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| FLASH POINT | The lowest temperature at which a liquid substance gives off flammable vapors sufficient to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid. Combustion is not continuous at the flash point.
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| FUSIBLE PLUGS | A safety relief device in the form of a plug of low melting metal. The plugs close the safety relief device channel under normal conditions, and are intended to yield or melt at a set temperature to permit the escape of gas.
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| GAS | A formless fluid which occupies completely the space or an enclosure
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| HOT ZONE | AKA EXCLUSIONARY ZONE. The area or perimeter where the incident is occuring. Circular perimeter can extend to 1500 feet or more from the isolation zone.
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| IDLH | Acrynom for Immediately Dangerous for Life and Health
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| *INGESTION | Swallowing or eating a substance
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| *ISOLATION ZONE | This is the area where the incident is occurring, inside the HOT ZONE
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| *LC50 | Lethal concentration were fifty percent of the tested laboratory animals die
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| *LD50 | Lethal Dose were fifty percent of the tested laboratory animals die
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| LIQUEFIED GAS | A gas that is partially liquid at a temperature of 70 degrees F
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| *LEL | Lower Explosion Level. It is the lowest concentration which can cause a substance to ignite and explode.
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| *INJECTION | Placing a substance inside and under the skin
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| MG/PER LITER | The same value as one part per million PPM
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| MSDS | Material Safety Data Sheets
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| NFPA | National Fire Protection Association
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| NIOSH | National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
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| OSHA | Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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| OXIDIZERS | A substance that yields oxygen readily to stimulate the combustion of organic matter and inorganic matter.
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| *OXIDIZING ABILITY | The ability to yield oxygen readily to stimulate combustion
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| *PACKAGING | A broad term used by the Department of Transportation (DOT) to describe shipping containers, and any markings, labels, or placards affixed to them.
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| *PACKAGE MARKINGS | The descriptive name, instructions, cautions, weight, or specification marks required to be placed upon outside containers or hazardous materials.
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| *PLUME | General shape of spill or release
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| PPE | Personal Protective Equipment
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| PPM | Parts Per Million. Can apply to solids, liquids, and gases.
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| PEL | Permissible Exposure Limit. OSHA regulation for an 8 hour/day = 40 hour/week work exposure.
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| pH | The hydronium ion concentration of a solution. Rating is based on a 1 to 14 scale, 7 being neutral (water)
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| PHL | Public Health License
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| RCRA | Resource Conservation and Recover Act
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| SARA | Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986
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| SECONDARY ZONE | WARM ZONE, contamination reduction zone. This is where crew members accessing the hot zone are decontaminated and assisted
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| SPECIFIC GRAVITY | The weight of a substance as compared to the weight of an equal volume of water (for solids and liquids) or an equal volume of air (for gases)
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| STABILIZATION | The stage of an incident when the immediate problem or emergency has been controlled, contained or extinguished.
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| STEL | Short term exposure limit
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| STAGE OF INCIDENT | One of five definite and indefiable phases through which an emergency passes from onset to stabilization
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| *SUBLIMATION | The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor state with no liquid state transition, varying in accordance with altitude and pressure
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| SUBSURFACE INJECTION | Discharge of foam or water into a storage tank from an outlet at the tank bottom or below the liquid surface
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| SUPPORT ZONE | A definition of the incident perimeter zones. The cold zone is also known as the COLD ZONE. This is the zone where the crew members wear their gear, decontaminate equipment.
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| TANK CAR | Tank vehicle on rails
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| TLV | Threshold Limit Value. A NIOSH published value. Tests by the ACGIH results in the values published by NIOSH.
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| TOXICITY | The ability of a substance to cause injury to biologic tissue
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| TSD | Treatment, Storage, and Disposal
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| TSDF | Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility
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| TWA | Time weighted average. A ceiling exposure limit value. The exposure amount and the duration of the exposure is calculated for this value. TWA is used when Permissible Exposure Limits or an 8 hour exposure is not applicable.
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| *UEL | Upper Explosion Level. It is the highest concentration which can cause a substance to ignite and explode.
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| UPWIND | Wind direction, wind to your back
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| VAPOR DENSITY | A concentration rating for a substance against air which has a level of equal 1.
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| VISCOSITY | The flow resistance characteristics of a liquid
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| WARM ZONE | AKA Secondary Zone
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| WATER SOLUBILITY | The factor which indicates how much a substance can interact or "mix" with water.
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| ** HAZARDOUS WASTES | No more than 220 lbs per month or 27 gallons
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| EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS WASTES | No more than 2.2 lbs per month per 2.5 gallons
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| LIQUID TRANSPORT | No more than 5 gallons per month or 50 lbs per day
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