Digital and Advanced Imaging Equipment
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| active matrix array | large-area (size of conventional f/s IR's) integrated circuit that consists of millions of identical semiconductor elements deposited on glass base that acts as flat-panel IR
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| amorphous | without form
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| analog-to-digital converter | device for converting analog electronic signal into digital electronic signal for processing by a computer
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| aspect ratio | ratio of width of image displayed on computer or video monitor to height of display
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| computed radiography | process of creating digitized radiographic image using photostimulable phosphor
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| detective quantum efficiency | measure of information transfer efficiency of detector and is defined as signal-to-noise ratio squared coming out of detector divided by signal-to-noise ratio squared going into detector
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| Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine Group | system of computer software standards that allows different digital imaging programs to understand one another
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| digital fluoroscopy | computerized enhancement of fluoroscopic images
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| digital radiography | method of obtaining digitized radiographic image utilizing active matrix array
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| digital subtraction angiography | electronic method of enhancing visibility of vascular structures involving digital fluoroscopy
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| digital x-ray radiogrammetry | measure of distances on image and computer software calculates bone volume based on measurements of cortical bone thickness, bone width, and texture analysis
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| direct-to-digital radiographic system | method of creating digital radiographic images; involves installing flat-panel IR in the Bucky of radiographic table or upright Bucky, which sends electronic signal directly to digital image processor; AKA flat-panel or flat-plate imaging
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| dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry | x-rays with two separate energies used to obtain bone density data
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| F-center | empty lattice sites in photostimulable phosphors where crystal electrons are trapped following exposure to x-ray energy
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| fill factor | percentage of pixel area that's sensitive to image signal (contains x-ray detector); for most current systems is approximately 80% bc some pixel area must be devoted to electronic conductors and TFT
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| image enhancement | use of computer to improve or enhance an image
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| image management and communication system | computerized system for storing pt images and medical records
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| image restoration | process in digital imaging whereby final image is displayed
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| liquid crystal display | flat-panel display form for monitors
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| Nyquist frequency | highest spatial frequency resolved by imaging system, measured in lp/mm
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| photostimulated luminescence | barium fluorohalide material used to capture radiographic images in computerized radiography CR systems
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| picture archiving and communication system | computerized system that stores pt images to allow access from remote locations
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| preprocessing | anything done to image data before they are entered into computer memory
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| postprocessing | manipulation of image data in memory of computer, before image is displayed on monitor
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| refresh rate | refers to how many times each second that a video or computer monitor rewrites or updates image on display of monitor; AKA frame rate or vertical scan frequency
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| special procedures laboratory | area in which angiographic, cardiac, and interventional procedures are done within diagnostic imaging departments
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| specular reflection | type of reflection coming from surface of electronic display that produces a mirror image of light source creating it
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| teleradiology | process of sending digitized images to distant locations for interpretation and consultation
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| thin-film transistor | switches for each pixel of array connected to circuity that allows all switches in a row of array to be operating simultaneously
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| window level | value in digital imaging that selects level of displayed band of values within complete range
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| window width | value in digital imaging that selects width of band of values in digital signal that can be represented as gray tones in image
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