vc lvn chap 16 study guide
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What are three functions of the blood? | transports, protects against excessive bleeding, regulates temp
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| What are the physical characteristics of blood? | bright/dk red, thick viscosity
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| What is the composition of blood plasma? | 90% Water and 8% protein
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| What are 4 different kinds of substances transported in the blood plasma? | proteins, ions, nutrients, waste products, gases and hormones
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| What is the precursor cell of all blood cells? | Stem cells (hemocytoblast)
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| State the function of erythrocytes. | transport of O2 and CO2,
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| Hematocrit | volume % of blood cells in whole blood; packed cell volume.
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| leukocytosis | Too many leukocytes
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| monocytes | Become macrophages and phagocytize dead tissue
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| lymphocyte | Produce antibodies
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| Eosinophils | Detoxify foreign proteins
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| Phagocytize pathogens | neutrophils
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| Contain the anticoagulant heparin | Basophils
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| Recognize antigens as foreign | T lymphocytes
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| Secretes histamine during inflammation | Basophils
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| What are the different types of blood? | Type A, B, AB, O
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| What determines the blood type? | antigen
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| Explain what happens if a person with type O positive receives blood from a person with type A negative. | the body will reject and start clotting
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| What are the 3 mechanisms of blood clotting and describe each? | Vascular spasm, Platelet plug, Chemical Clotting
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| With respect to chemical blood clotting/name the organ that produces many of the clotting factors. | Liver
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| With respect to chemical blood clotting/name the vitamin necessary for Prothrombin synthesis. | Vitamin K
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| With respect to chemical blood clotting/state what the clot itself is made of. | fibren
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| Define Vitamin K | Helps body to make prothrombin
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| Define Thrombus | stationary blood clot
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| Define embolus | moving clot
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| Define hemophilia | Doesn't have a clotting factor
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| Define anticoagulant | prevents blood from clotting
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| Define clotting | fibren form together
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| Total blood volume | Blood volume 4-6 Liters
Plasma 55%, Formed Elements-45%
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| Polycythemia | too many red blood cells
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| Anemia | too few red blood cells
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| Type of cells in the formed elements? | Formed Elements, Plasma-3rd major fluid-55%, Formed Elements-blood cells-45% Formed Elements-Erythrocytes (RBC), Thrombocytes (platelets), Luekocytes (WBC)
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| Hemoglobin | iron containing protein in red blood cells responsible for O2 carrying
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| leukopenia | too few blood cells
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| albumin | holds water
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| globulin | antibodies
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| 3 mechanisms of blood clotting | vascular spasm, platelet plug, chemical clotting
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| descriptions of: vascular spasm platelet plug chemical clotting | injury
stop the flow of blood to tissue
release of prothrombin
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