vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| mass | the amount of matter in an object
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| weight | how strongly gravity pulls on an object
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| volume | measures how much space matter takes up
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| matter | is anything weight mass and volume
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| surface tension | when particles pull towards other particles and create a skin
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| states of matter | solid, liquid, or gas
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| density | the amount of mass in an object
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| buoyancy | the resistance to sinking
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| element | a material that cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical reactions
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| metal | elements that share common properties such as shiny luster, conductivity, and flexibility
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| atom | the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element
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| nucleus | the center of an atom
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| proton | is a particle with one unit of positive electric charge
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| neutron | is a particle that does not have a charge it is NEUTRAL!!!!
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| electron | smallerparticles whith one unit of negative charge each
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| molecule | particle with more than one atom joined together
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| atomic mass | the number you get when you add the protons and neutrons
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| noble gas | the six elements on the far right side of the periodic table
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| malleability | the ability to be bent, flattenened, or hammered without being broken
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| ductility | the ability to be pulled into a wire without breaking
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| corrosion | when metals combine with non-metals from the enviroment
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| semiconducter | a material that conducts electriciy better than non-metals, but not as good as metals
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| physical change | alters the form of an objet without changing what type of matter it is
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| sublimation | the process of changing directly for a solid into a gas without first becoming a liquid
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| melting point | the particular temperature at which a substance changes state from a solid into a liquid
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| boiling point | the temperature at which a substance changes state from a liquid gas
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| freezing point | the temperature at which a substance changes state from a liquid to a solid
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| thermal expansion | the expansion of matter cuased by a change in heat
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| thermal contraction | the contraction of matter cuased by a change in heat
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| mixture | a physcial combination of two or more substance that are blended together without forming new substances
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| colloid | a type of mixture in whcih the particles of one material are scattered through another and block the passage of liht without settling out
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| solution | a mixture of substances that are blended so completely that the mixture looks the same everywhere
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| solute | a substance that is dissolved by another substance that can be dissolved by another substance
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| heterogeneous | mixtures that have different parts that you can plainly see
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| suspension | heterogeneous mixtures where the speckled or chuckyness can be seen under a microscope clearly
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| chromotography | process where liquid travels up special chromotography paper and carries small substance with it. The substances in the liqueid travel at different speeds and bands of color appear on the paper as the substance separate.
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| solvent | a substance that isdissolved by another substance to form a solution
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| alloy | a solution of a metal and at least one other solid whih is often also a metal
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| solubility | the maximum amount of a substance that can be dissolved by another substance
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| distillation | the process of separating the parts of a mixure by evaporation and condensation
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| compound | a substance that is formed b the checial comination of two or more elements
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| chemical change | a change of matter that occurs when atoms link together in a new way, creating a new substance different from the original substances
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| reactant | an original substance at the beginning of a chemical reaction
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| product | a substance at the end of a chemical reaction
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| precipitate | a solid formed by the chemical reaction of some solutions
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| pH Scale | potential for Hydrogen. low pH strong acids, high pH strong bases 1-14 (pH of 7 nuetral)
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| acid | a substance that tastes sour and makes blue litmus paper turn red
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| ions | an electrically charged atom or molecule with unequal numbers of protons and electrons
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| base | a substance that tastes bitter makes red litmus paper turn blue
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| acidity | the strength of an acid
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| alkalinity | the strength of a base
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| neutralization | the chemical change of an acid and a base into water and a salt
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| electrolytes | a substance that conducts electricity and that forms ions when dissolved
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| position | the location of an object
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| motion | a change in an object's position over time
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| frame of reference | a group of objects from which a position or a motion is measured
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| speed | how fast an ovject's position changes with time at any given moment
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| velocity | the speed and the direction of a moving object
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| acceleration | a change in velocity with respect to time
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| momentum | the mass of an object multiplied by it velocity
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| force | any push or pull by one object on another
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| friction | a force that opposes the motion of one object moving past another
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| balanced force | forces that act together on an object without changing its motion
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| unbalanced force | forces that do not cancel each other out and that cuase an object to change its motion
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| action force | the initial push or pull on one object on another object
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| reaction force | the push or pull of a second object back on the object that started the push or pull
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| Newton's 1st Law | An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an objec in constand motion tends to stay in motion, unless acted upon by an unblanced force
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| Newton's 2nd Law | The unbalanced force on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration: F= m x a
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| Newton's 3rd Law | all forces occur in pairs, and theese two forces are equal in strength and opposite in direction
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| lift | air force that raise the plane
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| thrust | push or pull of the plane forward
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| drag | pull of the plane that slows it down
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| inertia | the tendency of a moving object to keep moving in a straight line or of any object to resist a change in motion
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| work | the use of force tomove an objec a certain ddistance or change an object
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| engergy | the ability to perfom work or change an object
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| potential energy | energ stored in the postion or the structure of an object
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| kinetic energy | the energy of a moving object
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| law of conservation of energy | the thery that states that energy may change form, but it cannot be created or destroyed
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| simple machine | a machine that changes the direction the distance, or the strength of one force
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| effort | the force applied to a machine
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| load | the object being moved by a machine
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| fulcrum | the pivot point of a lever
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| compound machine | a combination of two or more simple machines
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| efficiency | the measure of how much useful work a machine puts out compared to the amount of work put into it
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| speed | how fast an object's potsiton changes with time at any given momement (miles/hr)
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| velocity | the speed and the direction of a moving object (mile/hr)
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| acceleration | a change in velocity with respect to time (miles/hr2)
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| momentum | mass x velocity (meter/sec)
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| work | the use of force to move an object a certain distance or change an object
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| kinds of energy | potential and kinetic
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