Learning
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| Thorndike's view that pleasant events stamp in responses, and unpleasant events stamp them out. | Law of Effect
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| A pleasant stimulus that increases the frequency of the behavior it follows. | Reward
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| An unpleasant stimulus that suppresses the behavior it follows. | Punishment
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| To follow a response with a stimulus that increases the frequency of the response. | Reinforcement
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| Invented the Skinner Box and performed the pigeon project during WW2. | B.F. Skinner
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| Behavior that operates on, or manipulates, the environment. | Operant Behavior
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| A simple form of learning in which an organism learns to engage in certain behavior because it is reinforced. | Operant Conditioning
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| The same as an operant behavior. | Operant
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| An instrument that records the frequency of an organism's operants (or "correct" responses) as a function of the passage of time. | Cumulative Recorder
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| A reinforcer that when presented increases the frequency of an operant. | Positive Reinforcer
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| A reinforcer that when removed increases the frequency of an operant. | Negative Reinforcer
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| A reinforcer whose effectiveness is based on the biological makeup of the organism and not on learning. | Primary Reinforcer
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| A stimulus that gains reinforcement value through association with established reinforcers. | Secondary Reinforcer
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| Another term for a secondary reinforcer. | Conditioned Reinforcer
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| Removal of an organism from a situation in which reinforcement is available when unwanted behavior is shown. | Time Out
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| In operant conditioning, a stimulus that indicates that reinforcement is available (the lightbulb in Skinner Box. | Discriminative Stimulus
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| A schedule of reinforcement in which every correct response is reinforced. | Continuous Reinforcement
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| One of several reinforcement schedules in which not every correct response is reinforced. | Partial Reinforcement
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| A schedule in which a fixed amount of time must elapse between the previous and subsequent times that reinforcement is available. | Fixed-Interval Schedule
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| A schedule in which a variabl amount of time must elapse between the previous and subsequent times that reinforcement is available. | Variable-Interval Schedule
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| A schedule in which reinforcement is provided after a fixed number of correct responses. | Fixed-Ratio Schedule
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| A schedule in which reinforcement is provided after a variable number of correct responses. | Variable-Ratio Schedule
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| A procedure for teaching complex behaviors that at first reinforces approximations of the target behavior. | Shaping
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| Behaviors that are progressively closer to a target behavior. | Successive Approximations
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| Therapy techniques based on principles on learning that teach adaptive behavior and extinguish or discourage maladaptive behavior. | Behavior Modification
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| A method of teaching that breaks down tasks into small steps, each of which is reinforced and then combined to form the correct behavioral chain. | Programmed Learning
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| A mental representation of the layout of one's environment. | Cognitive Map
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| Learning that is hidden or concealed. | Latent Learning
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| An organism that engages in a response that is then imitated by another organism. | Model
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