Abnormal Psychology Exam 1
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| Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) | syndrome marked by deficits in controlling attention, inhibiting impulses, and organizing behavior to accomplish long-term goals.
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| Conduct Disorder | syndrome marked by chronic disregard for the rights of others, including specific behaviors, such as stealing, lying, and engaging in acts of violence
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| Mental Retardation | developmental disorder marked by significantly subaverage intellectual functioning, as well as deficits (relative to other children) in life skill areas, such as communication, self-care, work, and interpersonal relationships
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| autism | childhood disorder marked by deficits in social interaction (such as a lack of interest in one's family or other children), communication, and activities and interests (such as engaging in bizarre, repetitive behaviors)
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| fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) | syndrome that occurs when a mother abuses alcohol during pregnancy, causing the baby to have lowered IQ, increased risk for mental retardation, distractibility, and difficulties with learning from experience
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| Asperger's disorder | pervasive developmental disorder characterized by deficits in social skills and activities; similar to autism but does not include deficits in language or cognitive skills
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| psychopathy | set of broad personality traits including superficial charm, a grandiose sense of self-worth, a tendency toward boredom and need for stimulation, pathological lying, an ability to be conning and manipulative, and a lack of remorse
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| psychological disorder | psychological disfunction associated with distress or impairment in functioning that is not a typical or culturally expected response
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| abnormal behavior | actions that are unexpected and often evaluated negatively because they differ from typical or usual behavior
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| phobia | psychological disorder characterized by marked and persistent fear of an object or situation
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| clinical description | details of the combination of behaviors, thoughts, and feelings of an individual that make up a particular disorder
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| moral therapy | psychosocial approach in the 19th century that involved treating patients as normally as possible in normal environments
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| mental hygiene movement | mid 19th century effort to improve care of the mentally disordered by informing the public of their mistreatment
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| Presenting Problem: | complaint reported by the client to the therapist. The actual treated problem may sometimes be a modification derived from the presenting problem
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| abnormal behavior | behavior characterized as atypical, socially unacceptable, distressing to the individual or others, maladaptive, and/or the result of distorted cognitions
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| biomedical model | disease results from a specific, identifiable cause originating inside the body; model of health that views disease as resulting from a specific, identifiable cause originating inside the body
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| cognitive model | purposes of comprehension and prediction; developed with or without a cognitive architecture; not easily distinguishable
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| behavioral model | explanation of human behavior, including dysfunction, based on principles of learning and adaptation derived from experimental psychology
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| psychoanalytical model | disorders are the cause of repressed thoughts on the unconscious mind
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| etiology | Causal relationships of diseases; theories regarding how the specific disease or disorder began.
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| hallucination | false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external stimulus
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| delusion | false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany certain psychotic disorders
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