Soils 101
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| show | Supports the growth of higher plants
Controls the fate of water in the hydrologic system
Nature’s recycling system
Modifier of the atmosphere
Habitat for living organisms
Engineering medium
🗑
|
||||
| A ___ is a three dimensional natural body, is formed by natural processes, and has unique features that distinguish it from surrounding soils | show 🗑
|
||||
| The ___ is a collection of all these natural soil bodies | show 🗑
|
||||
| Soil is made up of __, __, __, and __. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Sand, silt and clay make up the soil ___. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | structure
🗑
|
||||
| Soil ___ is usually not total destruction of soil, but loss of ___. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | weathering, destruction, synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| show | igneous
🗑
|
||||
| ___ is formed when weathering products of older rocks collect under water (sediments) and are consolidated into new rock. | show 🗑
|
||||
| ___ is formed when igneous and sedimentary rocks are transformed under heat and pressure into new rock | show 🗑
|
||||
| ___ processes break minerals and rocks into smaller pieces, while ___ processes change the mineral composition. | show 🗑
|
||||
| The __ horizon is composed of organic materials generally above the mineral soil. | show 🗑
|
||||
| The __ horizon is the topmost mineral horizon. Usually contains enough organic matter to give it a dark color. Often coarser textured due to loss of fine particles. Derive from dead plant and animal residues. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | E
🗑
|
||||
| show | B
🗑
|
||||
| show | C
🗑
|
||||
| 5 Factors that influence soil formation | show 🗑
|
||||
| ___ is parent material transported and deposited by streams and rivers and deposited in floodplains, alluvial fans, and deltas. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Colluvial
🗑
|
||||
| show | Glacial till
🗑
|
||||
| show | marine
🗑
|
||||
| show | lacustrine
🗑
|
||||
| ___ ___ coarse sands and gravel deposited by glacial meltwater in an outwash plain | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | eolian
🗑
|
||||
| ___ have the lowest degree of weathering and soil development and __ have the highest degree. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Usually the only genetic horizon is an A horizon, Characterized by great diversity in environmental setting and land use Many are found in steep, rocky settings, Those found on fluvial and alluvial material can be fertile and productive | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | inceptisols
🗑
|
||||
| show | Andisols
🗑
|
||||
| ___ are soils of very cold climates that contain permafrost, limited to polar regions and high mountain elevations | show 🗑
|
||||
| __ are composed mainly of organic materials, contain at least 20-30% organic matter | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Aridisols
🗑
|
||||
| show | Vertisols
🗑
|
||||
| __ are dark, soft soils of grassland ecosystems, characterized by a thick, dark surface horizon | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | alfisols
🗑
|
||||
| __ are strongly leached acid forest soils with low native ferility, found primarily in humid temperate and tropical regions on older, stable landscapes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | spodosols
🗑
|
||||
| ___ are very highly weathered soils found in humid tropical regions in stable landscape positions, native vegetation is rain forest | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are the three major factors that influence soil color? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Soil colors are described using the __ color chart. | show 🗑
|
||||
| (Munsell color chart) hue: ___ , chroma: ___ , value: __ | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | hue, value, chroma
🗑
|
||||
| The proportions of different sized individual mineral particles in soil determines the soil ___. | show 🗑
|
||||
| coarse textured soil is __ and has __ sand, __ clay | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | heavy, more, less
🗑
|
||||
| show | even
🗑
|
||||
| ___ is the major agent stimulating formation and stabilization of crumb type soil aggregates. | show 🗑
|
||||
| ___ density is mass of solids/volume of solids | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | bulk
🗑
|
||||
| soil compaction __ porosity and __ bulk density | show 🗑
|
||||
| __ is the attraction of water molecules to each other | show 🗑
|
||||
| __ is the attraction of water molecules to solid surfaces | show 🗑
|
||||
| __ results from greater attraction of water molecules for each other than for air. | show 🗑
|
||||
| water always moves from a __ to a __ energy state. | show 🗑
|
||||
| ___ force always pulls water from higher to lower elevation. | show 🗑
|
||||
| __ forces results from the attraction between water molecules and solid surfaces. Greatly reduce the energy state of water near soil particle surfaces | show 🗑
|
||||
| __ forces results from the attraction between water molecules and solutes. Reduces the energy state of water in the soil solution. | show 🗑
|
||||
| soil pores function like __ tubes. | show 🗑
|
||||
| ___ is saturated, o kPa | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | field capacity
🗑
|
||||
| __ is when macro, meso, and larger micropores are filled with air, -1500 kPa | show 🗑
|
||||
| as you go from 0 kPa to -1500 kPa, remaining water is held with __ strength | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | volumetric
🗑
|
||||
| ___ is Mass of water present per unit mass of dry soil | show 🗑
|
||||
| ___ flow is the movement of water through pores that are (completely) filled with water. Though all pores are filled with water, most movement is in larger, continuous pores. __ is the driving force. | show 🗑
|
||||
| __ flow is far slower than __ flow. | show 🗑
|
||||
| __ flow is water movement in soils when larger pores (macropores) are filled with air and micropores are filled with water. __ potential is the driving force. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | infiltration
🗑
|
||||
| __ is the downward movement of water through the soil profile | show 🗑
|
||||
| soil with __ porosity and __ of macropore space will have high rates of water infiltration and percolation. | show 🗑
|
||||
| soil __ decreases water infiltration and percolation. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | organic matter
🗑
|
||||
| show | good, poor
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
jsb5391