Chapter 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | Learning
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| Any object, event, or experience that causes of response | show 🗑
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| show | Response
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| Learning to make an in voluntary (reflex) response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces the reflex | show 🗑
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| A naturally occurring stimulus that leads to an involuntary (reflex) respond | show 🗑
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| An involuntary (reflex) response to a naturally occurring or unconditioned stimulus | show 🗑
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| Stimulus that has no effect on the desired response | show 🗑
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| Stimulus that becomes able to produce a learned reflect response by being paired with the original unconditioned stimulus | show 🗑
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| show | Conditioned response (CR)
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| The tendency to respond to stimulus that is only similar to the original condition stimulus with the conditioned response | show 🗑
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| The tendency to stop making a generalized response to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus because the similar stimulus is never paired with the unconditioned stimulus | show 🗑
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| The disappearance or weakening of a learned response following the removal or absence of the unconditioned stimulus (in classical conditioning) for the removal of a reinforcer (in operant conditioning) | show 🗑
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| The reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred | show 🗑
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| show | Higher-order conditioning
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| show | Conditioned stimulus
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| A conditioned response that briefly reappears after it has been extinguished is called ______. | show 🗑
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| show | Higher-order conditiong
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| show | Conditioned emotional respons (CER)
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| show | Vicarious conditioning
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| Development of a nausea or aversive response to a particular taste because that taste was followed by a nausea reaction, occurring after only one association | show 🗑
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| show | Biological preparedness
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| show | Stimulus substitution
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| show | Cognitive perspective
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| In Watson's experiment with "Little Albert," the unconditioned stimulus was _______. | show 🗑
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| show | Stimulus substitution
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| Rescorla found that the CS must ______ the UCS for conditioning to take place. | show 🗑
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| show | Operant conditioning
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| Law stating that if an action is followed by a pleasurable consequence, it will tend to be repeated, and if followed by an unpleasant consequence, it will tend not to be repeated. | show 🗑
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| show | Operant
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| show | Reinforcement
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| show | Reinforcers
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| Any reinforcer that is naturally reinforcing by meeting a basic biological need, such as hunger, thirst, or touch | show 🗑
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| Any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer, such as praise, tokens, or gold stars | show 🗑
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| The reinforcement of a response by the addition or experience of a pleasurable stimulus | show 🗑
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| The reinforcement of a response by the removal, escape from, or avoidance of an unpleasant stimulus | show 🗑
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| ______ is an example of a primary reinforcer, whereas ______ is an example of a secondary reinforcer. | show 🗑
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| show | Partial reinforcement effect
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| show | Continuous reinforcement
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| Schedule of reinforcement in which the interval of time that must pass before reinforcement becomes possible is always the same | show 🗑
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| show | Variable interval schedule of reinforcement
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| Schedule of reinforcement in which the number of responses required for reinforcement is always the same | show 🗑
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| Schedule of reinforcement in which the number of responses required for reinforcement is different for each trial or even | show 🗑
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| Any event or objects that, when following a response, making that response less likely to happen again | show 🗑
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| show | Punishment by application
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| The punishment of a response by the removal of a pleasurable stimulus | show 🗑
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| show | Discriminative stimulus
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| show | Shaping
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| Small steps in behavior, one after the other, that lead to a particular goal behavior | show 🗑
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| show | Instinctive drift
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| The use of operant conditioning techniques to bring about desired changes in behavior | show 🗑
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| show | Token economy
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| show | Applied behavior analysis (ABA)
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| show | Biofeedback
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| show | Neurofeedback
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| Learning that remains hidden until its application becomes useful | show 🗑
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| The sudden perception of relationships among various parts of a problem, allowing the solution to the problem to come quickly | show 🗑
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| show | Learned helplessness
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| LEarning new behavior by watching a model perform that behavior | show 🗑
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| Referring to the observation that learning can take place without actual performance of the learned behavior | show 🗑
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| show | the mental events that take place while a person is behaving
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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