Biogeography Exam 1
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| Taxa/Taxon | any biological taxonomic category such as a family, genus, or species. The plural of taxon is taxa
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| Special Creation | A theological doctrine which states that the universe and all life in it originated in its present form by unconditional fiat or divine decree.
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| Ecosystem | All of the interacting biological and physical components of a prescribed area.
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| Primary Productivity | The energy fixed in an ecosystem by photosynthesis. Rates of biomass accumulation are sometimes used to determine primary productivity.
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| Stomata | specialized cells on the surface of plants that open to allow the exchange of gasses between the plant and interior and the atmosphere.
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| Phloem | cells in vascular plants that are specialized for the flow of food.
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| Allen’s Rule | The general observation that animals that live in cold environments have shorter extremities such as limbs or ears, than related species that live in warm environments.
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| Species typology | a group of organisms in which individuals are members of the species if they are sufficiently conform to certain fixed properties or “rights of passage”
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| Angiosperm | flowering plants. They have seeds which are developed within an ovary. Some newer taxonomies refer to them as the magnoliophyta.
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| Soil and Horizons | the uppermost layer of mineral and organic matter found on the earth’s surface. It is different than dirt because of the organic part.
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| Habitat | The explicit spatial, physical and biological environment in which species can be found. It can have multiple niches within it.
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| Photosynthesis | The process by which plants combine water and carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight to capture visible light spectrum electromagnetic energy in the sunlight and transform it into chemical energy in the form of simple sugars
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| Homeotherm | Also known as (endotherm), is a species that is “warm blooded” this means that the species is reliant on getting their body warmth internally.
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| Xerophyte | a plant that requires dry soils.
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| Uniformitarianism | The belief that the laws of nature do not change over time. That the things that happened in the past that we can see, will also happen now, and in the future.
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| Annual | plants that germinate, grow, and reproduce and die all in one growing season.
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| Population and Community | all individuals of a given species in a prescribed area. Usually members of the same population are assumed to be in close enough proximity to be able to interact and interbreed frequently
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| Trophic level | the hierarchical levels of the food chain through which energy flows from primary producers to primary consumers, secondary consumers and so on
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| Biomass | the mass of living material in an ecosystem. Generally considered the dried weight of all living matter in a prescribed area.
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| Carrying capacity | the number of individuals of a given species that a given area of the environment can support.
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| Density | The number of individual of a given species per unit of area.
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| Eurythermic | is a species that has a wide temperature tolerance. Eury = wide
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| Stenothermic | species that do not have a big temperature tolerance
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| Deciduous | perennial plants that lose their leaves during annual cold or dry seasons.
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| Coniferous | conifer = cone bearing gymnosperms such as pines and spruces.
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| Riparian | the environment along rivers and streams
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| Xylem | cells in vascular plants that are specialized for the flow of water.
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| Gymnosperm | seed bearing plants in which the seeds are produced outside of a protective ovule.
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| Transpiration | is the release of water vapor to the air by plants.
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| Poikilotherm | Also known as (ectotherm),is a species that is “cold blooded” when the body temperature is varied externally
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| Hydrophyte | is a plant that requires a high level of soil moisture
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| Perennial | plants that live for several growing seasons.
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| What is another word for Taxonomy? | Systematics
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