| Question | Answer |
| Pilar Cyst | -smooth, firm,fluctuant swelling on scalp
-tense pressure cause skin to be shiny and taut
-benign growth |
| Torticollis (wryneck) | -hematoma in sternomastoid muscle
-head tilit in 1 side and limited ROM
-requires treament |
| acromegaly | -excessice secretion of growth hormone after puberty; enlarged skull, thickened bones
-elongated head, massive face, prominent nose and lower jaw, heavy eyebrow ridge, coarse facial features |
| Paget's Disease of Bone | -soften, thickens, + deforms bone
-bowed long bones, sudden fractures frontal bossing, enlarged skull bone
-symptoms:headache, vertigo, tinnitus, progresive deafness |
| hydrocephalus | -obstruction of drainage CSF
-excessve accumulation, Increased intracranial pressure, + enlarged head
-face looks small
-dilated scalp veins, frontal bossing, "setting sun" ees
-percussion=crackpot |
| Koplik's spots | -small blue-white spots with irregular halo scattered over mucosa opposite molars
-early sign+pathognomic of measles |
| Leukoplakia | -chalky white, thick, raised patch with well-definied borders
*firmly attached does not scrape off*
-occur on lateral edges of tongue
-chronic irration, + heavy smoker+ heavy alcohol use
-precancerous |
| Candidiasis (monilial infection) | -white, cheesy, curdlike patch on buccal mucosa + tongue
*scrapes offf, leaving raw, red surface that bleeds easily*
-occurs with use of antibiotics, corticosteriods, + immunosupressed persons |
| Aphthous ulcers | -"canker sore"
-white ulcer surrounded by red halo
-last 1 to 2 weeks
-cause=stress, fatigue,+ food allergy |
| Dental caries | -progressive destruction of tooth decay, looks chalky white
-later brown/black=cavity
-early decay is apparent in x-ray |
| Epulis | -nontender, fibrous nodule of the gum, seen b/w teeth
-inflammatory response to injury or hemorrhage |
| Meth mouth | -dental caries, gingitivits, tooth cracking, +edentulism
-meth cuases vasoconstriction + decreases saliva, and increase use of sugar + starches
-decreased oral hygiene |
| Malocclusion | -upper or lower dental arches are not in alignment + incisors protude from developmental problem of mandible
-increase risk of facial deformity, negative body image, chewing problems |
| Retention "cyst" (mucocele) | -round well-defined translucent nodule (1 tp 2 cm)
-pocket of mucus forms when ducts of aminor salivary gland ruptures |
| Angular Cheilitis (stomatitis, Perleche) | -erythema, scaling, shallow + painful fissures at the corner of the mouth
-occur with excess salivation + candida infection
-seen in those with poorly fitting dentures causing folding in corners of mouth |
| nasal polyps | -smooth, pale gray nodules (overgrowth of mucosa)
-may obsturct air passage was as they get larger
-symptoms: absence of sense of smell + valve that moves in nose |
| Choanal Atresia | -bony or membranous septum b/w nasal cavity + pharaynx of new born
- unilateral" 1st resp infection
-bilateral imeediate insertoion of oral airway to prent asphyxia |
| Epistaxis | -kiessel bach's plexus-nose bleed
-spontaneous
-cause: nose picking, forceful coughin or sneezing, fracture, foreign body, rhinitis, heavy exertion |
| perforated septum | -hole in the septum (cartilaginous)
-cause: snorting coke, chronic infection, trauma from picking of crusts, or nasal surgery |
| ankyloglossia | -tongue-tie
-short lingual frenulum
-limits mobility + affects speech |
| Baby bottle tooth decay | -destruction of numerous decidious teeth
-bottle of milk, juice, sweetened drink to bed + prolonged bottle feeding past 1 yr
-liquid pools around the upper front teeth |
| Carcinoma (mouth) | -ulcer with rolled egder, indurated
-occurs at side, base, + under the tongue
-heavy smoking + heavy drinking use place person at greater risk |
| Bifid Uvula | -uvula partly severed
-submucosa cleft palate (nothc hard +soft)
-speech development |
| Oral Kaposi's Sarcoma | -bruiselike, dark red or violet
-confluenet macule (hard palate) |
| Acute Tonsillitis/Pharyngitis | bright red throat, swollen tonsis
-white or yellow exudate on tonsillis
-swollen uvula, tonsils
=painful swallowing >100 F
-rheumatic fever |
| Spider Angioma | -flat red blanchin body w/radiating legs
-develops on face, neck, chest
-mayb associated with prego, chronic liver disease, estrogen therapy |
| Impetigo | -moist, thin-roofed vesicles with thin, erythematous ase
-rupture to form thick, honey-colored crusts
-contagious
-common in children + infants |
| Eczema | erythematous papules + vesicles, with weepin, oozing + crusts
-usually on scalp, forehead, cheeks, forearms and wrist |
| Ecchymoses | -ecchomytic bruising area small or wide spread
-larger flat, nonblancing red-purple lession
-trauma vasucular wall destruction |
| Psoriasis | -scaly erythematous patch, with silvery scales on top
-usually on sclap, outside of elbows + knees, low back, anogenital area |
| Telangiectasia | -fine irregular red lines
-caused by capillary dilation |
| Tinea Versicolor | -fine, scaling, round patches of pink, tan or white that do not tan in sunlight
-caused by superficial fungal infection |
| Erythema Migrans of Lyme Disease | 1st stage: bulls eye, red macular or papular rash (50%)
2nd : rash indicates from tick bite, with central clearing
rash fades in 4 wks
-untreted:anorexia, fever,chills, joint aches
-antibiotics:shorter symtoms and decreased risk |
| Shingles | -pustules, then crusts, caused by varicella zooster virus
-acute apperance: unilateral, does not croos midlin, common trunk |
| Koilonychia (spoon nails) | -thin
-depressed lines with lateral edges tilted up
-maybe hereditary trait
-iron deficiency amenia if all nails |
| Paronychia | -red
-swollen
-tnder inflammation of nail folds
-acute: bacterial infection
-chronic: fungal infection |
| Beau's line | -transverse furrow or groove
-depression across nail
-occurs with trauma
-moves as nail grows |
| Splinter Hemorrhage | -red-brown linear streaks
-embolic lesions
-subacute bacterial endocarditis
-minor trauma |
| Late clubbing | proximal edge of nail elevates > 180 degress
-distal phalanc looks rounder + wider
-COPD, congenital heart disease with cyanosis
-1st thumband index fingers |
| Onycholysis | -fungal infection (slow)
-change in color, texture, thickness, nail crumbling or breaking |
| Pitting | -shraply defined of pitting and crumbling of nails with distal detachment (psoriasis) |
| Habit-Tic Dystrophy | depression down middle nail or horizontal ridges
-picking of cuticle |
| Cachectic Appearance | -chronic wasting disease such as cancer, dehydration, + stravation
-features:sunken eyes; haollow cheecks; and exhausted defeated expression |
| Scleroderma | -"hard skin"
-CT disease: hardening + shrinking in skin; occur in skin, heart, esophagus, kidney, lung
-characteristics:hard, shiny kin on forehead cheeks; thin, purused lips, absent skinfold |
