| Question | Answer |
| Taxonomy | A system biologists use to classify all living things |
| Homology | The idea that characteristics are passed down generations |
| Taxonomy names: | Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species |
| Scientific names are made from... | The Genus and Species |
| Three aspects of adaptations | Structural
Behavioural
Physiological |
| Plant structural adaptations | Physical features that allow a plant to compete:
Formation of spines(spikes) to prevent animals eating it
Large leaves to enhance photosynthesis
Wide and shallow roots to absorb more water and nutrients |
| Plant behavioural adaptations | Shoots grow towards light to maximise photosynthesis
Flytrap can digest insects for extra nutrients
Grow towards light so can respond to changes |
| Plant physiological adaptations | Processes that allow them to compete
Formation of poison as a defence |
| Animal structural adaptations | Sharp claws to climb, dig and catch prey
Predators have eyes on front so can judge distance to prey
Prey have eyes on side to quickly spot predators |
| Animal behavioural adaptations | Rituals such as male peacocks showing feathers for mating
Using tools like monkeys using rocks to crack a nut |
| Animal physiological adaptations | Production of venom or antivenom |
| Extremophites | An organism that can survive in an extreme environment |
| Extreme environment | Somewhere where most organisms cannot survive |
| Quadrat data collecting | Used to count non moving or slow moving things
Quadrat is randomly placed and a sample is taken of the area |
| Capture, recapture | Used to count moving organisms
Capture and count animals then mark discreetly
Return with same conditions at least 24 hours later and do again but don't mark them
Total= 1st sample x 2nd samples / marked in 2nd sample |
| Transect | A line that goes across a habitat
Used to investigate the gradual change of a habitat |
| Biodiversity is important.... | To ensure that a ecosystem is not too reliant on one organism |
| Alien species | A species that is not native to the eco system. It can cause the biodiversity to become imbalanced by introducing new diseases or simply eating too much. |
| Ecosystem is... | The interaction between a community of living organisms |
| Community... | Two or more organisms |
| Population.... | Total number of species in an area |
| Food chain levels... | Producer (Photosynthesises)
Primary Consumer (Herbivore)
Secondary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer |
| Interdependence | All organisms within an ecosystem rely on one another. Fluctuations in one population can impact all organisms |
| Competition | All organisms must compete for the fundamental things for living. Competition can be interspecies or intraspecies |
| Abiotic factors (8) | Non-living factors
-Light intensity
-Temperature
-pH soil
-Moisture levels
-Wind intensity
-Carbon dioxide levels
-Oxygen levels |
| Biotic factors (4) | Living factors
-Food
- Predators
-Pathogens
-Alien species |
