| Question | Answer |
| Bypassing the upper airways due to inhaled gas will cause damage to the respiratory tract. What can be provided to prevent this | 1. Similar levels of humidity
2. Similar levels of heat |
| A device thats adds invisible molecular water to gas | Humidifier |
| What kind of water does not carry pathogens | Vapor |
| What types of water carries Pathogens | Aerosols
Condensation |
| What is the most important factor that effects Humidifier Output | Temperature |
| The higher the temperature in a Humidifier, the greater | water vapor content of the delivered gas |
| Types of humidifiers delivered through small bore tubing | Bubble humidifiers |
| Types of humidifiers delivered through large bore tubing | Bubble humidifier (Cascade Humidifier)
Passover
HME |
| What is NOT recommended for use with infants because of the increased mechanical dead space and use of uncuffed ETT | HME |
| What captures both heat and moisture from expired gas and returns it to the patient at approx. 70% efficiency? | HME |
| What are some common problems with Humidification Systems | 1. Condensation
2. Cross Contamination
3. Ensuring Proper Conditioning of inspired gas |
| Breathing Circuit Condensate must always be treated as? | Infectious waste |
| Bland Aerosol Therapy with Sterile Water or Saline is used to Treat? | 1. Upper Airway Edema
2. Overcome Heat and Humidity Deficits in patients with Tracheal Airways
3. Help obtain Sputum Specimens |
| What Nebulizers are used to generate Bland Aerosols | 1. Large Volume Jet Nebulizers
2. Ultra Sonic Nebulizers |
| What are some common problems with Bland Aerosol Therapy | 1. Environmental Safety
2. Cross Contamination and Infection
3. Inadequate Mist Production and Over Hydration
4. Bronchospasm and Noise |
| Humidity is measured by | 1. Partial Pressure
2. Percentage |
| An Aerosol is defined as | Particulate matter suspended in a gas |
| The definition of capacity is | The maximum amount of water content a gas can contain at a give temperature |
| Relative Humidity is defined as | The actual water content of a gas at a given temperature |
| Water Vapor is defined as | Water contained in a gas as vapor |
| You must deliver a maximal amount of humidity to a patients airway; how could this be accomplished using a wick humidifier | 1. Increase Thermostat to 37 C
2. Keep water in reservoir at correct level
3. Ensure total flow through humidifier exceeds patient requirements
4. Use water traps or drainage bag in the circuit |
| An advantage of the heated wick humidifier, compared with a bubble humidifier is | High flow outputs at high humidity are possible |
| The majority of humidifiers operate using the principle of | Evaporation |
| Ways to improve a humidifiers efficiency include | 1. Increase the temperature
2. Increase the surface area |
| The magnitude of the pressure exerted by water vapor is dependent upon | Relative humidity |
| Factors that influence an aerosols deposition in the lungs include | 1. Particle size
2. Gravity
3. Inertia |
| The piezoelectric crystal in an ultrasonic nebulizer | Converts electrical energy to mechanical energy |
| Suitable for use for a patient requiring a simple oxygen mask | Bubble humidifier |
| Provide humidified gas for a patient who is intubated; which would be the most appropriate | 1. Wick humidifier
2. A heated wick humidifier |
| When checking oxygen in a patients room, you hear an audible chirping or whistling sound. The most likely cause is | The humidifier pop off |
| Contemporary high output humidifiers employ which of the following in their operation? | 1. A wick
2. A heater |
| The most common type of humidifier in clinical practice is | The bubble humidifier |
| An indication that a heat and moisture exchanger is becoming obstructed would be | The patients WOB is increased |
| A heat moisture exchanger should be | 1. Placed between the ventilator circuit, or oxygen therapy equipment, and the patients airway
2. Used for short term applications (Less than 24 Hours)
3. Monitored for obstruction |
| Which humidifiers would be suitable for use with a mechanical ventilator? | 1. Fisher and Paykel MR850
2. Hudson RCI Neptune |
| Advantages of Metered Dose Inhalers include | 1. Small size
2. Ease of use |
| A valved holding chamber when used with an MDI may be helpful | To improve the patients coordination and timing |
| When using and MDI, the patient should be instruct to | 1. Take a slow deep breath
2. Squeeze the MDI shortly after inspiration has begun
3. Hold his or her breath allowing inspiration
4. Exhale passively |
| The most important aspect of using MDI's is | Patient instruction |
| Increasing the amplitude of an ultrasonic nebulizer | Increases the amount of aerosol output |
