| Question | Answer |
| Wheeze | Continuous, musical/whistling
*bronchospasm, collapse, secretions, foreign body |
| Rhonci | Continuous low pitch snoring/gurglin
*air passing through airways |
| Stridor | Continuous high pitch
*airway obstruction |
| Crackles/Rales | Discontinuous high pitch - with inspiration only
*PNA, atelectasis, pulmonary edema |
| Pleural friction rub | Continuous dry crackle, heard over area of pain
*inflammation |
| Trachial and bronchiole sounds | heard centrally, loud tubular sounds. Inspiration is shorter than expiration with a pause |
| Vesicular sounds | High pitched, heard distally. Inspiration is longer than expiration without a pause |
| If a high pitched sound is auscultated centrally, what does this indicate? | PNA - bronchiole sounds that are heard centrally are abnormal |
| Diminished sounds can indicate | emphysema, sever congestion or hypoventiltion |
| Absent lung sounds | lung collapse or pneumothorax |
| What 3 things can cause an increase in loudness and distinction of voice sounds | Consolidation, Atelectasis or fibrosis |
| Bronchophony | increased vocal clarity of spoken words - 99 |
| Egophony | long E sounds change to nasal-sounding A |
| Whispered pectoriloquy | Recognition of whispered words |
