| Question | Answer |
| Founder of Psychoanalytic Theory | Freud |
| Structure of personality - 3 parts | ID / Ego / Super Ego |
| ID | "Wanting what it wants now"
- True Psychic Reality |
| Ego | Decision maker
- Mediates between ID & Super Ego
*takes charge* |
| Super Ego | "Whats right from wrong"
- irrational, doesnt make sense. |
| Freuds stages of development (5) | Oral / Anal / Phallic / Latency / Genital |
| Oral stage (3) | (0-1 1/2 years old)
Fixation
Oral Receptive
Oral Aggressive |
| Oral Fixation | Incomplete resolution of stage |
| Oral Receptive | Taking things in
(Smoking / Biting nails) |
| Oral Aggressive | Sarcastive / Argumentative |
| Anal stage | (1 1/2- 3 years)
Anal retentive
Anal Expulsive |
| Anal Retentive | Stingy / Orderly / Neat / Stubborn |
| Anal Expulsive | Creul/ Messy/ Destructive/ Disorderly |
| Phallic Stage | (3 - 6 years)
Oedipital Complex |
| Oedipital Complex | (3 - 5 years)
Boys : Castration anxiety
Girls : Electra Complex, penis envy |
| Castration Anxiety | Renounce mom and identifies with father |
| Electra Comnplex | Does away with mom wanting Father |
| Latency Stage | (6 - 11 years)
Quieting of sexual drives |
| Genital Stage | (Anytime after 11)
More reality oriented
Focused on others |
| Ego Defense Mechanisms | 1. Coping Devices (unconscious)
2. Types |
| Repression | Excluding anxiety and provoking thoughts from consciousness |
| Displacement | Conflict is transferred from original source to less threatening object |
| Projection | You perceive others traits that make you feel uncomfortable |
| Reaction Formation | Transform unacceptable impulse into it's opposite |
| Regression | retreating to earlier deviation level
(Hard day) |
| Denial | Refusal to perceive unpleasant reality |
| Intellectualization | exaggerated emphasis on thought |
| Rationalization | Giving false but acceptable excuses |
| Sublimation | Using socially useful substitutes
(unacceptable impulses) |
| Ego defense Mechanism types (9) | 1. Repression
2. Displacement
3. Projection
4. Reaction Formation
5. Regression
6. Denial
7. Intelleectualization
8. rationalization
9. Sublimation |
| Founders of Neoanalytic Theory (7) | Alfred Adler
Carl Jung
Erik Erikson
Anna Freud
Klein, Kernberg, Kohut |
| Neoanalytic Theorist: Alfred Adler | Feelings of inferiority
Ways to seek superiotity (lifestyles) |
| Inferiority Complex | Exaggerated feelings of weakness
Use maladaptive ways to feel superior |
| Guiding Fictions | Conscious ideas, goals, and beliefs |
| Adaptive lifestyles | Cooperation, social interest, common sense |
| Maladaptive lifestyles | Extreme competitiveness, lack of concern for others |
| Carl Jung's Analytical Psychology
(Differences from Freud) (3) | 1.His idea of types of unconscious
2. Thoughts on childhood sexuality (disagree)
3. Broader drives |
| Carl Jung's Types of unconscious (2) | Personal
Collective |
| Carl Jung's Theory | Introversion vs. Extroversion |
| Introversion | Self reflective |
| Extroversion | Social reflective |
| Egopsychologist (Neoanalytic Theorists) (2) | Erik Erikson
Anna Freud |
| Object Relation's Theory | Klein, Kernberg, Kohut
central issue: finding a balance between the need for other people
(Emphasized attachment) |
| Humanistic Psychology (3) | Freedom of Choice and free will
Emphasis on Growth and Uniqueness
More positive and optimistic |
| Founder of client centered therapy | Carl Rogers |
| Self Concept | Organized set of perceptions & beliefs about oneself |
| Congruence | If you think of yourdelf as kind & others ddo too. |
| Incongruence | You think your kind & others dont |
| Positive Deviation of Personality was founded by whom? | Abraham Maslow |
| Peak Experiences
(Positive deviation of Personality) | Profound emotional highs
- flow complete absorption in a task. |
| Maslows Hierarchy of needs (2) | Basic Needs
Metaneeds |
| Basic Needs
(Maslows Hierarchy) | Deficiency needs fulfillment in specific order |
| Metaneeds
(Maslows Hierarchy) | Growth needs no order.
Self actualization-
filling your unique potential as a person. |
| Maslows Hierarchy (5) | Physiological (Breathing/Food/Water/Sleep/Etc)
Safety (Security of: Body/Employment/Etc)
Love/Belonging (Friendship/Family)
Self-Esteem (Confidence)
Self-Actualization (Morality) |
| Behaviorism was founded by whom? (2) | Watson/Skinner |
| What is Behaviorism? | Emphasized:
Situational & Environmental Influences
Reinforcement
Observable Behavior |
| Social Learning (Social/Cognitive) | Observation & Cognition |
| Social Learning - Bandura | Self Efficacy: you can accomplish what you want to succeed |
| Social Learning - Jullian Rotter | Stressed Cognitive Perspective Expectancies |
| Jullian Rotter - Recieved Control (2) | Internal Locus of Control (internals)
External Locus of Control (externals)-env. |
| Personality Assessment (4) | 1) Interview
2) Behavioral Assessment
3) Objective Tests
4) Projective Tests |
| Interviews | - Intake Interview
-- Mental Status Exam |
| Behavioral Assessment | Dont care if you were breast or bottle fed.
(Behavior is more important) |
| Objective Tests (nonprojective) (2) | -Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
(MMPI-2)
- Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Personality Inventory, Revised.
(NEO-PI-R) |
| Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
(MMPI-2) | Used to help diagnose mental disorders it measures psychopathology
10 clinical scales, 4 validity scales. |
| Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Personality Inventory, Revised.
(NEO-PI-R) | - Measures the big five personality traits
(Neurotism/ Extraversion/ Openness/ Agreeableness/ Conscientiousness) |
| Projective Tests | -Attempts to measure unconscious motives, feelings, & conflicts.
-Uses ambiguious stimuli |
| Advantage and Disadvantage of Projective Tests | Advantage- Respondents cannot easily detect what is being measured.
Disadvantage:
Compared to nonprojectives-
-harder to administer, score & interpret
-less evidence of validity & reliability |
| Examples of Projective Tests (4) | 1) Rorschah - Ink blot test
2) Thematic Appreciation Test (TAT)
---Childrens Appreciation Test (CAT)
3) Drawings
4) Incomplete Sentences |
| Drawings (Projective Tests) (2) | Kinetic Family Drawing (K-F-D)
House-Tree-Person (H-T-P) |
| Kinetic Family Drawing (K-F-D) | -Family drawing
-Drawn by a child
-Picture of family members in which all people are doing something
-What the person is doing shows the thoughts of the person. |
| House-Tree-Person (H-T-P) | Unconscious -- Personality |
| Incomplete Sentences (Projective Tests) | You are givin the beginning of the sentence, but you must finish it off.
(give it an ending) |
