the area around a rive which is drained by the river and its tributaries
what percentage of water is oceans
oceans take up 97% of total water
explain the water cycle
percolation, throughflow, evaporation, transpiration, evaporation
evapotranspiration, condensation, precipitation, surface runoff, infiltration, water table, river discharge
define flood hydrograph
it is how a drainage basin responses to rainfall eg lag time and infiltration rates
hydrology in polar areas
rapid runoff in spring, 85% of sunlight is reflected, permafrost is impermeable, in summer there's an increased co2 being released, orographic and cyclonic rainfall
the water cycle system
the water cycle is a closed system meaning no extra water is added or taken away, however drainage basins are a open system
physical factors affecting a drainage basin
meteorological factors, soil composition, basin size and shape, relief, and vegetation
water budget equation
Precipitation = Discharge + Evaporation ± changes in stores
ITCZ
intertropical convergence zone- the band of low pressure between the Hadley cell between the northern and southern hemisphere
