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19429 Unit 8
vocabulary Unit 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Himalaya Mountains | A mountain range in South Asia that includes Mount Everest, the world's tallest mountain peak |
| Subcontinent | A large landmass that is smaller than a continent |
| Alluvial plains | Lands that are rich farmlands |
| Archipelago | Island group, of more than 1,200 small islands |
| Atoll | Ringlike coral island or string of small islands surrounding a lagoon |
| Monsoons | A seasonal wind, especially in South Asia |
| Cyclone | A violent storm with fierce winds and heavy rain; the most extreme weather pattern of South Asia |
| Hinduism | The dominant religion of India |
| Ganges River | River in South Asia; an important water resource flowing more than 1,500 miles from its source in a himalayan glacier to the Bay of Bengal |
| Storm surge | High water level brought by a cyclone that swamps low-lying areas |
| Estuary | Broadened seaward end of a river, where the river's currents meet the ocean's tides |
| Mughal Empire | A state founded in the 15th century by a man named mutota and that extended throught all of present-day Zimbabwe except the eastern part |
| Raj | The period of British rule in India, which lasted for nearly 200 years, from 1857 to 1947 |
| Nonviolent resistance | A movement that uses all means of protest except violence |
| Land reform | The process of breaking up large landholdings to attain a more balanced land distrution among farmers |
| Green Revolution | An agricultural program launched by scientists in the 1960s to devlop a higher-yielding grain varieties and improve food production by incorporating new farming techniques |
| Caste system | The Aryan system of social classes in India and one of the cornerstones of Hinduism in which each person is born into a caste and can only move into a different caste through reincarnation |
| Indus Valley civilization | The largest of the world'sn first civilizations in what is now Pakistan; this was a highly developed urban civilization, lasting from 2500 b.c. to about 1500 b.c. |
| Partition | Separation; division into two or more territorial units having separate political status |
| Kashmir | A region of nothern India and Pakistan over which several destructive wars have been fought |
| Microcredit | A small loan available to poor entrepreneurs to help small businesses grow and raise living standards |
| Entrepreneur | A person who starts and builds business |
| Ramadan | An Islamic practice of mouth-long fasting from sunup to sundown |
| Constitutional monarchy | A goverment in which the ruler's powers are limited by a constitution and the laws of a nation |
| Sherpa | A person of Tibetan ancestry in Nepal, who serves as the traditional mountain guideof the Mount Everest region |
| Siddhartha Gautama | The founder of buddism and known as the buddha, born in southern Nepal in the sixth century b.c. |
| Mandala | In Tibetan Buddhism, a geometric design that sybolizes the universe and aids in meditation |
| Sinhalese | An Indo-Aryan people who crossed the strait separating India and Sri Lanka in the sixth century b.c. and who created an advanced civilization there, adopting uddhism |
| Tamils | A Dravidian hindu, who arrived in Sri Lanka in the fourth century, settling in the north while the sinhalese moved further south |
| Sultan | A ruler of Muslim country |
| Basic necessities | Food, clothing, and shelter |
| Illiteracy | The inability to read and write |
| Summer monsoon | The season when winds blow from the southwest across the Indian Ocean toward South Asia, from June throught September, with winds stirring up powerful storms and causing severe flooding |
| Winter monsoon | The season when dry winds blow from northeast across the Himalaya Mountains toward the sea from October throught February, sometimes causing droughts |
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