Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Week4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Absorption | PThe first stage of pharmacokinetics: medications enter body and travel from administration site into the body's circulation. TRANSPORT MECHANISMS: Filtration, Active transport, Passive transport determined: lipid solubility drug ionization and formulatio |
| Adverse effect | An unintended and potentially dangerous pharmacological effect that occurs when a medication is administered correctly. |
| Affinity | The strength of binding between drug and receptor. |
| Agonist | A drug that binds to a “receptor” and produces an effect. |
| Antagonist | Opposite of Agonist. A molecule that prevents the actions of other molecules, often competing for a cellular receptor. |
| Bioavailability | The presence of a drug in the blood stream after it is administered. |
| Blood-Brain Barrier | A nearly impenetrable barricade that is built from a tightly woven mesh of capillaries cemented together to protect the brain from potentially dangerous substances, such as poison and viruses. |
| Distribution | The SECOND stage of pharmacokinetics; the process by which medication is distributed throughout the body. PLASMA PROTEIN BINDING, BLOOD FLOW, BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER |
| Dose-Response | As the dose of a drug increases, the response should also increase. The slope of the curve is characteristics of the particular drug receptor interaction. |
| Duration | the length of time that a medication is producing is the desired therapeutic effect. |
| Efficacy | the maximum effect of which the drug is capable. |
| Excretion | The FINAL stage of pharmacokinetics; the process where by drug byproducts and metabolites are eliminated from the body. RENAL, GI, RESPIRATORY, SWEAT, SALIVA, LACTATION |
| First Pass Effect | the inactivation of orally or instantly administered drugs in the liver and intestines. |
| mechanism of action | How a medication works at a cellular level within the body. |
| Metabolism | The breakdown of a drug molecule via enzymes in the liver(primary) or intestines (secondary). DRUG MICROSOMAL METABOLIZING SYSTEM, ENZYMES WITHIN THE CELLS OF THE LIVER THAT FUNCTION TO METABOLIZE FOREIGN SUBSTANCES |
| onset | When a medication first begins to work and exerts a therapeutic effect. |
| Peak | When the maximum concentration of a drug is in the bloodstream. |
| Pharmacodynamics | The study of how drugs act at a target site of action in the body. |
| Pharmacogenetics | The study of how a person‘s genetic make-up, affects their response to medicines. |
| pharmacokinetics | How a drug “moves through the body”. The study of how the body absorbs distributes metabolize and eliminate drugs. |
| Pharmacology | The science dealing with actions of drugs in the body. |
| Pharmacy | The science of the preparation of drugs. |
| Potency | The drug dose required to produce a specific intensity or effect. |
| Selectivity | A selective drug binds to a primary and predictable site creating one desired effect. A non-selective drug can buy too many different and unpredictable receptor sites with potential side effects. |
| Side effect | Effect of a drug, other than the desired effect, sometimes in the organ other than the target organ. |
| Therapeutic index | A quantitative measurement of the safety of a drug that compares the amount of drug that produces a therapeutic affect vs the amount of drugs that produces a toxic effect |
| therapeutic window | The dosing window in which the safest and most effective treatment will occur. |
| ADME | 4 stages for a medication to go through within the human body Absorption, Distribution Metabolism and Excretion. |
| Schedule I | HEROIN, LSD, PEYOTE, MDMA (ecstacy). High potential for abuse and No accepted medical use |
| Schedule II | FENTANYL, MORPHINE, OXYCODONE, AMPHETAMINE, VICODIN, METH, COCAINE. High potential for abuse has medical benefit, severe restrictions due to their potential for addiction. |
| Schedule III | KETAMINE, ANABOLIC STEROIDS, BUPRENORPHINE, PHENDIMETRAZINE. Less potential for abuse than schedule II substances, but still possessing low physical dependence or high psychological dependence risk. |
| Schedule IV | XANAX, VALIUM, KLONOPIN, ATIVAN, AMBIEN, SOMA. Lower potential for abuse compared to schedule III substances and accepted medical uses. |
| Schedule V | Cough medicine with codeine, lyrica, lomotil, motofen. Drugs or chemicals with the lowest potential for abuse. |
| Ventrogluteal- Side of hip | Max 2.5ml |
| Vastus lateralis - outer thigh | Max 5 ml. Preferred injection site for infants. |
| Deltiod | 1 ml |
| Rectus femoris - middle thigh | 5 ml |
| Dorsogluteal - top glute | 4 ml |
| Subcutaneous sites | 1.5 ml |
| Level one fluid | Thicker than water drank through straw or cup |
| Level two fluid | Nectar-thick |
| Level three fluid | Honey-thick drips slowly through fork |
| Level four fluid | Pudding- thick holds shape does not pour |
| Around the clock order (ATC) | An order that reflects that medication should be administered at regular time intervals. |
| Dysphagia | Difficulty swallowing |
| How to identify patient | Patient birthdate or age. NEVER by room number |
| Inunction | Medication that is massages into skin, includes topical creams |
| To prevent tube clogging, the nurse should: | Fill with at least 15 ML’s of water between medication’s |
| Transdermal Patches | Rotate sites, wear gloves and remove old patch, never apply heat to fentanyl patch, remove before MRI |
| Eye Drops | Pull lower lid down, apply pressure to inner canthus, 1/2 in ribbon in lower sac |
| Ear drops | pull pinna up and back, remain on side for 5min, Nurse should warm to room temperature |
| Nasal Spray | before nasal spray blow nose, after breathe through nose |
| Vaginal Medication | take at bedtime, remain supine 5 to 10 minutes |
| Dry powder inhaler (DPI) | powder form that is inhaled from mouth into the lungs. And held rapidly and deeply. respiratory system assessed before and after. |
| Nebulizer oxygen flow rate | 6-10 L/min |
| Metered dose inhaler. (MDI) | Mist of medication that is inhaled through the mouth into the lungs. Hold breath for 5 to 10 seconds. |
| Why do parenteral medications have a faster onset than oral medication? | They are absorbed directly into tissues or bloodstream. |
| which syringe should a nurse be using to inject insulin? | insulin syringe marked in units |
| Needle gauges | Higher gauge number, correspond to smaller needle diameter |
| Intradermal injection | Angle should be 5 to 15 degreesNEEDLE GAUGE: 25-27 NEEDLE LEGNTH: 3/8 - 5/8 |
| Subcutaneous injection | 90 degrees of normal or obese, 45 degrees for thin patient. NEEDLE GAUGE: 25-31 NEEDLE LEGNTH: 1/2 - 5/8 |
| Intramuscular injection | VENTRALGLUTEAL preferred injection site. Absorbed quickly and delivered deeply in the tissue. 90 degree angle. 3ml max |
| intravenous | 25 degree angle. |
| First-pass effect | After Oral medication will be inactivated by the liver before reaching circulation. |
| Prodrug | Drug must undergo liver conversion before becoming active |
| Trough level | Lowest concentration of medication in patient’s bloodstream, usually measured 30 minutes before next scheduled dose. |
Created by:
user-2017880
Popular Nursing sets