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Chapter 4
Chapter 4 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Transition zone | An area of spatial change where the peripheries of two adjacent realm or regions join. |
| Geographic information system (GIS) | A form of spatial analysis that integrates computer hardware, mapping software, and such specialized tools as models and algorithms. |
| Digital elevation model | A representation of a unit of terrain obtained from remote sensing imagery |
| Land hemisphere | The half of the globe containing the greatest amount of land surface centered on Western Europe |
| City-states | An independent political entity consisting of a single city with(out) an immediate hinterland |
| Local functional specialization | A hallmark of Europe’s economy economic geography that later spread to many other parts of the world |
| Industrial Revolution | Term applied to the social and economic changes in agriculture, commerce, and especially manufacturing and urbanization that resulted from technological innovations |
| Sovereignty | Controlling power and influence over a territory, especially by the government of an autonomous state over the people it rules |
| Nation state | A country whose population possesses a substantial degree of cultural homogeneity and unity. |
| Nation | A term encompassing all the citizens of a state |
| Indo-European languages | The major world language family that dominates the European geographic realm. |
| Complementarity | Exists when two regions, through an exchange of raw materials and/or finished products, can specifically satisfy each other’s demands. |
| Transferability | The capacity to move a good from one place to another at a bearable cost; the ease with which a commodity may be transported. |
| Central Business district (CBD) | The downtown heart of a central city. (high land values, a concentration of business and commerce, and the clustering of the tallest buildings.) |
| Centrifugal forces | Designates forces that tends to divide a country |
| Centripetal forces | Forces that unite and bind a country together |
| Supranationalism | A venture involving three or more states |
| Euro zone | The 19 countries whose official currency is the euro |
| Schengen Area | Territory constituted by most of Europe’s countries within which people are free to cross international boundaries without formal border checks. |
| Four Motors of Europe | Rhône-Alpes (France), Baden-Württemberg (Germany), Catalonia (Spain), and Lombardy (Italy). High-technology-driven region |
| Devolution | Process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength |
| Asylum | Legally protected residency status |
| Microstate | A sovereign state that contains a minuscule land are and population |
| Urban system | Hierarchical network or grouping of urban areas within a finite geographic area |
| Primate city | A country’s largest city |
| Site | Internal locational attributes of an urban center |
| Situation | External locational attributes of an urban center |
| Estuary | The widening mouth of a river as it reaches the sea |
| Conurbation | Identifies a large multi metropolitan complex formed by the coal scene of two or more major urban areas |
| Landlocked location | An interior state wholly surrounded by land |
| World-city | A large city with particularly significant international linkages that also has a high ranking in the global urban system. |
| Metropolis | Urban agglomeration consisting of a central city and its suburban ring |
| Break-of-bulk | A location along a transport route where goods must be transferred from one carrier to another |
| Entrepôt | A place where goods are imported, stored, and transshipment |
| Shatter belt | Region caught between stronger, colliding external cultural-political forces, under persistent stress, and often fragmented by aggressive rivals |
| Balkanization | Fragmentation of a region into smaller, often hostile political units |
| Irredentism | A policy of cultural extension and potential political expansion by a state aimed at a community of its nationals living in a neighboring state |
| Exclave | A bounded (non-island) piece of territory that is part of a particular state but lies separated from it by the territory of another state. |
Created by:
AllisonSinger
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