Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
9thGrSem1 Exam
9th Grade World Geography Semester 1 Exam Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Types of Regions | Formal, functional, perceptual |
| Formal Region | a region with a defined, predetermined boundary |
| Functional Region | has a focal point (often a city) and is the organized space surrounding that central location linked by transportation and communication systems. |
| Perceptual Region | are defined by how people look at them |
| Latitude | an angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator |
| Longitude | the angular distance of point east or west of the prime meridian |
| Earth-sun relationship | solstice, equinox, tropics, arctic circle & antarctic circles |
| Solstice | one of the two times during the year when the sun is farthest north or south of the equator |
| Equinox | a day when day and night are the same length |
| Tropics | regions close to the equator |
| Arctic Circle | Top, North Pole |
| Antarctic Circle | bottom, South Pole |
| Biosphere | consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere. |
| Lithosphere | a rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust. |
| Atmosphere | a mixture of gases that surrounds a planet or moon |
| Hydrosphere | all the water at and near the surface of the earth, 97% of which is in oceans |
| Factors affecting climate | wind belts, latitudes, ocean currents |
| Wind belts | winds are named by which direction they blow from the pole to the equator. They are the polar easterlies, the westerlies and the trade winds. |
| Latitudes | north to south |
| ocean currents | a movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern |
| orographic effect / rain shadow | the low rainfall region that exists on the leeward (downwind) side of a mountain range's causing precipitation on the windward side |
| types of movement | globalization, spatial diffusion, physical barriers |
| Globalization | the way countries connect with each other, the way their governments, techniques, cultures, and economies interact |
| spatial diffusion | the spread or movement of a phenomenon over space and through time |
| physical barriers | keep hazardous organisms and materials outside the body |
| Importance of rivers | population settlement and uses |
| Population settlement | a way of arranging settlements into a hierarchy based upon their population or some other criteria |
| uses of rivers | describing an action or state of affairs that was done repeatedly or existed for a period in the past |
| landforms | archipelago, plateau, fjord, peninsula, strait, delta, isthmus |
| archipelago | a group or chain of islands |
| plateau | a flat area of land that is higher than the land around it |
| fjord | a long, narrow inlet of the sea between cliffs or slopes |
| peninsula | a portion of land nearly surrounded by water |
| strait | a naturally formed, narrow, typically navigable waterway that connects two large bodies of water |
| delta | an area of land in which a river divides into smaller rivers and empties into a larger body of water. |
| isthmus | a narrow strip of land, bordered on both sides by water, connecting two larger bodies of land. |
| What is industrialization? | process by which an economy is transformed from primarily agricultural to one based on the manufacturing of goods. |
| What region of the US was/is the center of industrialization? | Eastern Coast |
| What impact did industrialization have on population settlements? | larger population |
| What is subsistence agriculture? | farming that provides the basic needs of a family with little surplus |
| What is commercial agriculture? | growing large quantity of crops or livestock in order to sell them for a profit. |
| What is GIS? | Geographic Information Systems |
| Geographic Information System | a computer-based tool that analyzes, stores, manipulates and visualizes geographic information on a map |
| GPS | Global Positioning System |
| Global Positioning System | a navigational system that can determine absolute location by using satellites and receivers of earth |
| Setttlement Patterns (which latitudes do most people live in? Why?) | northern hemisphere, middle latitude, near water |
| Effects of El Nino | Heavy rain areas that are dry, and dry conditions in areas that usually have rain. Disrupts the fishing industry. |
| MDC | More Developed Countries |
| More Developed Countries | has high standard of living, wide spread infrastructure and is industrialized |
| LDC | Less Developed Countries |
| Less Developed Countries | has low standard of living, infrastructure is outdated and is reliant on agriculture. |
| What is geography? | the study of the human and physical processes and the way they shape the world |
| What is distortion? | maps...imperfections on a map due to projecting a 3-D object onto a 2-D surface |
| Types of plate movement | divergent, convergent, transform boundaries |
| Divergent plate movement | plates that slide a part from each other <---- ----> |
| Convergent plate movement | plates that slide together ---> <--- |
| Transform boundaries | plates that slide next to each other v/ ^/ |
| What is the Ring of Fire? | an area in the Pacific where the majority of the world's earthquakes and volcanic activity occurs. |
| What was Pangea? | super continent that formed 300 million years ago and started to break up and drift apart into pieces 200 million years ago |
| Weathering | the breaking down of rock and minerals into smaller pieces. |
| Erosion | the movement of smaller rock from one place to the other |
| climates/biomes | tundra, desert, deciduous forest, tropical rainforest |
| Tundra | very cold and minimal precipitation |
| Desert | dry with extreme temperature shifts between day and night |
| Deciduous Forest | moderate amounts of rain water and cooler, middle latitude temperatures |
| Tropical Rainforest | consistently heavy rains and hot temperatures |
| Main cause of global warming | increased amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere |
| What are trade organizations and what do they do for member countries? | increase interdependence, and make trade easier by lifting tariffs (examples NAFTA and EU) |
| Free market/enterprise | a system in which private individuals or groups have the right to own property or businesses and make a profit with limited government interference |
| Interdependence? How does this relate to EU? | a system in which private individuals or groups have the right to own property or businesses and make a profit with limited government interference. The members of EU act together promoting trade, peaceful relationships, common currency, etc |
| Communist economy type | all decisions made by government leaders; all businesses owned by community/government (i.e., China, Cuba, etc.) |
| Traditional economy type | agricultural based; did what ancestors did |
| Socialism economy type | Large businesses owned and run by government |
| Primary economic activity | sector where activities are related to the collection of natural resources |
| Secondary economic activity | involves activity related to the manufacturing or processing of resources |
| Tertiary economic activity | involves activity that sell and use products to provide services |
| quaternary economic activity | involves research and data processing |
| HDI | the UN ranking system for country development levels |
| NIC | a country that has begun transitioning from primarily manufacturing and industrial activity (i.e., South Africa, Mexico, China and Brazil) |
| What is the problem with scarcity? | We have unlimited wants and needs but with a limited amount of resources. |
Created by:
TeresaGill@email.com
Popular Geography sets