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Chapter 10-Jones
Chapter 10 Geography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| On which continent is Egypt located? | Africa |
| Mesopotamia was located in what modern day country? | Iraq |
| The earliest known civilizations were in ________ and __________. | Egypt and Mesopotamia |
| What 2 rivers was Mesopotamia located between? | Tigris and Euphrates |
| The earliest city-states arose in an area of __________ called ____________. | Mesopotamia called Sumer |
| The Sumerians invented what three things? | plow, sailboat, and wheel |
| The Sumerian writing was called ___________. | cuneiform |
| Sumerians wrote the _________ of ___________, the world’s oldest written epic story | Epic of Gilgamesh |
| Babylon’s King ____________ conquered Mesopotamia about 1800 B.C. | Hammurabi |
| Why is the Code of Hammurabi important to law? | It is the basis for all future laws. |
| The second Babylonian Empire was known for the “________ __________” King Nebuchadnezzar built. They were one of the 7 wonders of the ancient world. | "hanging gardens" |
| The Phoenicians were traders from modern-day _________ and they created an __________ that was the basis for Hebrew, Greek, Latin and English. | Lebanon alphabet |
| Egypt’s civilization grew up around the _____ River. | Nile |
| What is the Nile’s delta? | A fan-shaped fertile area near the Mediterranean. |
| List 3 geographical features that protected Egypt from invasion. | Waterfalls, desert, and sea |
| What are the Nile’s waterfalls called? | cataracts |
| Egypt’s rulers were called _________. The word means “great house.” | pharaohs |
| Why did the Egyptians preserve dead bodies? | They believed the soul could not exist without a body. |
| What were the pyramids used for? | Protect the pharaohs’ bodies from robbers, floods, and wild animals |
| Egyptian writing was called _________. | hieroglyphics |
| What is papyrus and how was it used? | A plant used to make a form of paper |
| What 3 monotheistic religions started in Southwest Asia? | Judaism, Christianity, and Islam |
| Once known as Israelites, today’s followers of Judaism are known as ____. | Jews |
| The Jewish holy book is the ______. | Torah |
| The Jews believe they are descended from _________ and ___________. | Abraham and Sarah |
| The Jews believe God made a covenant with Abraham. What is that covenant? | If Abraham moved to the land of Canaan (Palestine), he would be blessed and all nations would be blessed through him. |
| What Jewish prophet were the 10 Commandments given to? | Moses |
| What is the Jewish festival of Passover? | The celebration of when pharaoh released the Israelites from slavery. |
| ______ _________ is the Jewish New Years Day | Rosh Hashana |
| __________ or the Day of Atonement is marked by a 24 hour period of prayer and fasting. | Yom Kippur |
| In the A.D. 600s the monotheistic religion of _______ arose in Southwest Asia. | Islam |
| Islam’s greatest prophet is _________. | Muhammad |
| Followers of Islam are called _______. | Muslims |
| ______ is the Islamic word for God. | Allah |
| According to Muhammad what will happen on the Day of Judgment? | God will decide if your good deeds outweigh your bad deeds, and he will punish evildoers and reward the just |
| What city became the center of Islam? | Mecca/Makkah |
| What is the Hijrah? | When Muhammad fled for his life to Yathrib/Medina. |
| What is the Ka’aba? | A sacred black stone, the holiest spot in Mecca. |
| Islam is divided into 2 groups. They do not always get along. Name the 2 groups. | Sunni and Shiites |
| The Muslim Holy book is the _____. | Koran/Quran |
| List the 5 pillars of Islam. | 1- Confession of faith, “There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger.” 2- pray fives times per day, facing the holy city Mecca 3- give charity to those in need 4- fast 5- pilgrimage to Mecca/Makkah (hajj) |
| The _____ is the journey to Makkah. | hajj |
| The Christians believe that _____ is the messiah or savior. | Jesus |
| What did Jesus preach about God? | God loved all people, even those who have sinned. |
| What happened to Jesus around 30 A.D.? | When Jesus went to celebrate Passover in Jerusalem, he was convicted of treason and was crucified (executed on a cross). |
| What did over 500 followers of Jesus say happened 3 days after his death? | He had risen from the dead. |
| Despite persecution from the _____________ Christianity spread through the Empire and became legal in 300 A.D. | Roman Empire |
| After it was legalized Christianity was divided into what 2 major denominations? | Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox |
| _________ began among the Jews and spread to non-Jews. It is one of the major influences in Western Civilization. | Christianity |
| The Catholics followed the ____ in Rome and the Eastern Orthodox followed the __________ in Constantinople. | pope and patriarch |
| ___________ has more followers than any other religion. | Christianity |
| The most important Christian holiday is ______. | Easter |
| ________ is the celebration of Jesus’ birth. | Christmas |
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cwparker
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