Question | Answer |
Heart size | hollow, cone shaped and the size of an adult fist (1 lb) |
Heart location | mediastinum of the thoracic cavity, between the vertebral column and the sternum. |
This is flanked laterally by the lungs and lies 2/3 to the left of the sternum | heart location. |
Heart protective covering | pericardium- snug fit helps keep it from overfilling with blood. |
The pericardium is a double layer | parietal pericardium & visceral pericardium (epicardium) |
Parietal pericardium | Outermost layer |
Visceral pericardium (aka epicardium) | adheres to the heart surface |
Layers of the heart muscle | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium |
Epicardium | outside layer of heart, covers entire heart and great vessels then folds over to form the parietal layer. |
The epicardium covers the entire heart and great vessels, then folds over to form what? | The parietal layer that lines pericardium and adheres to heart surface. |
This is the middle layer of the heart wall | the myocardium |
the myocardium consists of | specialized muscle cells (myofibrils) provides bulk of contractile heart muscle. |
Innermost layer, thin membrane composed of 3 layers. | endocardium |
The endocardium is made up of | smooth endothelial cells that line the inside of the heart's chambers and great vessels. |
AV valves tricuspid | on the right is seperates right atria from rt ventricle |
AV valves Bicuspid | on the left |
Semilunar valves | pulmonary and aortic |
pulmonary | joins rt ventricle with pulmonary artery. |
Aortic | joins left ventricle to the aorta. |
SI sound | systole |
Systole = | contraction (S1 sound) |
what is characterized as the LUB | SI (first heart sound/contraction) |
What is the LUB sound produced by? | the closure of the av valves (tricuspid & bicuspid) |
the lub sound is when which valve closes and the action that is occuring | closure of the AV valve and contraction |
What is the second heart sound? | S2 |
S2 = | diastole (relaxation) |
diastole | relaxation |
Characterized by Dub | S2 - second heart sound |
what is the dub sound produced by? | the closure of the semilunar valves (Aortic valve, pulmonary valve) |