Question | Answer |
What does the FDA regulate or monitor? | * Regulate production and distribution of meds.
* Monitors drug efficacy and safety
* Controls testing of meds
* Does not regulate herbal remedies and some naturopathic supplements |
Review steps for administering meds. (end of chp 36). | |
What are some common causes of med errors? | Ordering or prescribing the wrong drug, dosage or route. (Physician)
* Transcription errors (Physician, clerk)
* Dispensing errors (pharmacy and tech
* Administration errors (Nurses) Highest percent of errors. |
What are the components of the med order? | * Clients full name
* Date and time order was written
* Name of medication
* Dosage size, frequency, number of doses
* Route of administration
* Indication (mostly PRNs)
* Signature of prescriber |
What is the Nurse Practice Acts include? | RN scope of practice includes administering prescribed aspects of care (e.g. treatments, therapies, and medications.)
* Clarifies health care provider orders when needed. |
What are some guidelines for safe use of ET Tubes for admin. meds?? | * Do not add meds directly to feeding
* Each med separately
* Dilute solid or liquid medications as appropriate
* Avoid mixing medications being administered through an ET Tube.
* Stop feeding-Flush w/15mL before and after each med.
* Flush again. C |
Continued............ | * Restart enteral feedings when appropriate.
* Collaborate with your pharmacist. |
What are some important points to remember about ET Tubes? | * Follow hospital policy and procedure.
* Verify placement using two methods.
* Crush meds thoroughly - no enteric coated
* Prepare Singly
* Check residual for any type of feeding or decompression tube
* Notify Pharm what meds are used with tube feed |
Continued............ | * some meds such as Dilantin are a problem due to slow absorption. |
What are some of the Parenteral medications? | * Intradermal
* Subcutaneous
* Intramuscular
* Intravenous |
List the different Parenteral sites. | * Deltoid IM (.5 to 1mL of fluid) 3 finger widths below process.
* Ventrogluteal IM
*Vastus Lateralis IM (mid thigh, lateral from midline) |
Define a medication error | A preventable event that leads to inappropriate medication use or patient harm. |
What is the estimation of people harmed every year? | 1.5 mil |
What are the Three Checks used to assure safety when giving meds? | * BEFORE YOU POUR (check med label w/ Med Admin Record
* AFTER YOU POUR (verify the label with the MAR
* AT THE BEDSIDE (check the medication again) |
What are the Six Rights? | * Drug
* Client
* Dose
* Time
* Route
* Documentation |
What are some other Rights? | * Reason
* Right to know
* Right to refuse |
List five High alert medications. | * Heparin
* Insulin
* Lidocaine
* Magnesium Sulfate
* Potassium Chloride and Potassium Phosphates
* Sodium Chloride
* Warfarin |
What are three safety steps taken with Narcotics? | * Double Locked
* Narcotic Counts
* Wasting Narcotics |
What are some patient teaching points? | * Explain Purpose, side effects, drug interactions
* Explain how drug is prescribed and when to take
* Take as prescribed
* Ways to minimize side effects
* Cultural issues related to taking meds.
* Self administration if appropriate. |
List some adverse drug effects. | * Side effects
* Adverse Reactions (harmful to body)
* Toxic reactions
* Allergic reactions
* Idiosyncratic reactions
* Cumulative effect (increases w/added doses) |
What are the three types of drug interactions? | * Antagonistic
* Synergistic
* Incompatibilites |
What do you do when you commit a med error? | * immediately assess the patient's VS and physical status.
* Report findings to PCP.
* Notify nurse manager
* Check with institution for policy and procedure. |
What are the Nursing Actions to prevent Med Errors? | * Check Physicians order against MAR
* Follow 6 rights
* Check for compatibility
* Check for bioavailability
* Verify any allergies
* Explain rationale to Pt.
* Perform assessments needed prior (VS)
* Document medication administration immediately |