Question | Answer |
albumin | egg white in an animal that lays eggs |
anestrus | time when a female is not actively in the heat cycle |
artifical insemination (AI) | the practice of breeding female animals through the use of veterinary equipment rather than the traditional mating methods |
artifical vagina (AV) | sterile sleeve or tube used to collect the semen of an animal during the ejaculation process |
bilateral cryptorchid | both testicles are retained and do not descend into the scrotum |
castration | surgical removal of the testicles in male animals |
cervix | end of the vagina that opens to the urethra |
cloaca | external reproductive area where egg laying animals pass urine, feces, and eggs, also called the vent |
conception | process of creating a new life that forms an embryo |
contraction | first stage of labor when the fetus begins to move into the uterus to prepare for birth by moving into the birth canal |
cooled semen | process of transporting and storing sperm for use within 24 hours-48 hours due to cool temperature |
corpus luteum (CL) | knowns as the yellow body of the ovary, forms to allow an ovary to increase in size as an egg develops |
diestrus | stage of the heat cycle when pregnancy occurs and is characterized by a functional CL that releases progesteron to maintain pregnancy |
dystocia | difficult labor |
embryo | cell that developes into a newborn life |
epididymus | tube that transports sperm from the seminiferous vesicles to the vas deferens |
estrogen | main female reproductive hormone that causes behavior changes in females during the estrus cycle and also allows follicle production and development to occur |
estrus | the time when the female animal is receptive to breeding or mating with a male |
estrus cycle | heat cycle in female animals when the female is receptive to mating with a male |
fertilization | uniting of egg and sperm to allow an embryo to form |
flagella | tail of sperm that allows movement |
follicl | tiny structures within the ovary that enlarge with egg development and allow ovulation to occur |
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) | hormone released to allow a follicle to grow and allow ovulation to occur |
frozen semen | method of shipping and storing sperm in liquid nitrogen, may be frozen and stored for up to 40 years |
genitalia | reproductive organs |
genitals | reproductive organs |
gestation | length of pregnancy |
HORMONE | chemicals that are produced by the body that allow for sexual reproduction to occur in both males and females |
incubation | the process of increased temperature to allow an embryo to grow |
induced ovulation | occurence of the release of the egg at a time sperm is introduced when fertilization occurs at mating |
infundibulum | funnel within the uterus where an egg developes in an egg laying animal |
involution | the process of the uterus shrinking after labor |
isthmus | shell membran of an animal that lays eggs |
lordosis | exhibiting a prayer position where the front end of the body is lowered to the ground with the back end held high in the air |
lutenizing hormone (LH) | allows an egg to develop and be released in the ovary during metestrus |
masectomy | surgical removal of the mammary glands |
metestrus | stage of the heat cycle following estrus when ovulation occurs |
mouth brooder | fish that carry their eggs in their mouth for incubation to protect and allow hatching |
ovarian cyst | small masses that develop on the ovary of an intact female animal, causing eggs not to develop and sterility |
ovariohysterectomy (OHE) | term for a spay, surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus |
ovary | the part of the uterine horn that allows egg development and is the primary female reproductive organ in egg growth |
oviduct | smal tube on the end of the uterine horn that is tapered and holds the ovary |
ovulation | the release of the egg from the ovary |
ovum | egg yolk in an animal that lays eggs |
parturition | the labor process |
penis | the male external reproductive organ used in breeding and mating |
placenta | tissue and membrane collection that connect from the fetus to the mother to allow nutrients to be absorbed during gestation |
polyestrus | many heat cycles occur at regular intervals throughout the breeding season |
prepuce | the skin that covers and protects the penis in male animals |
proestrus | stage of the heat cycle before estrus that releases the progesterone hormone prior to mating |
progesterone | hormone produced to maintain pregnancy |
prolapse uterus | condition where the uterus and vaginal tissue separate from the body and allow the uterus body to be passed outside the body |
pyometra | severe infection of the uterus in female intact animals that causes the uterus to fill w pus |
reproductuve system | the organs in the body responsible for both male and female breeding and reproduction |
scrotum | skin over the two testicles that protects and controls temperature for sperm production |
semen | fluid that transports sperm during reproduction |
semen collection | procedure using specialized veterinary equipment to collect sperm from male animals to be used in breeding practices |
semen morphology | process of determining if sperm is adequate for transport and breeding by analyzing the quality and quantity |
seminiferous vesicles | tubes located within the testicle that transports sperm to the testicles |
septic | buildup of bacteria in the system causing a toxic effect when it gets into the bloodstream |
sperm | male reproductive cell developed in the testicles |
standing heat | the female animal will stand for breeding when a male is present |
sterile | not able to reproduce |
tail flagging | holding the tail high in the air during the estrus cycle |
testicle | the primary reproductive organ in the male that holds sperm |
testosterone | main male reproductive hormone that produces male characteristics and is essential for sperm production |
unilateral cryptorchid | one retained testicle that has not descended into the scrotum |
urethra | narrow tube that connects the male and female reproductice organs to the urinary system |
uterine horn | two parts of the uterus that holds single or multiple embryos that expand as the embryos grow |
utuers | large hollow reproductive organ that holds an embryo during the gestation period and is y shaped |
vagina | internal female reproductive organ tht allows mating and labor to occur |
vas deferens | small tube that transports sperm from the testicles to the outside of the body |
vent | external area where eggs are laid in egg bearing animals, also called the cloaca |
vulva | external beginning of the reproductive system in the female where urine is excreted |
winking | movement of the vulva with frequent vagina ldischarge and urination |