Question | Answer |
tightly coiled structures in the cell nucleus that contain the organism's genetic information | chromosomes |
the organ through which solid waste is eliminated from the body | anus |
a large movement of ground, including rock, soil, and other debris, that moves down a slope due to gravity | landslide |
a representation of something that is used to show or explain how it functions | model |
a condition (other than injury) that does not allow the body to function normally | disease |
involuntary muscle tissue that controls movements that take place within the body | smooth muscle |
an animal that a predator hunts | prey |
an overflow of water onto land that is normally dry | flood |
the tendency to reflect light | luster |
a measure of the mass of a substance compared to its volume | density |
the area beneath the soil's surface in which water can collect | zone of aeration |
any factor that can affect the outcome of a scientific investigation | variable |
the process by which scientists ask questions and then look for answers | scientific inquiry |
a noninfectious disease that affects the respiratory system | asthma |
a group of two or more organs that work together to perform a specific function | organ system |
anything that limits the number of individuals an ecosystem can support | limiting factor |
a disease in which skin cells are damaged and grow out of control | skin cancer |
a long, muscular tube where most chemical digestion takes place | small intestine |
a graph that uses bars to compare amounts of different items | bar graph |
a change that alters the physical properties of a substance without changing the composition of the substance | physical change |
a group of organisms that share most characteristics and are able to breed with one another | species |
an energy resource that formed from the remains of organisms that died millions of years ago | fossil fuel |
a solid substance that forms when two solutions are combined | precipitate |
the number of births in a population in a certain period of time | birth rate |
an observation reported using numbers or measurements | quantitative observation |
a segment of DNA that determines a particular trait | gene |
human immunodeficiency virus; the virus that causes AIDS | HIV |
an organism's role in its environment | niche |
the part of the brain that controls thoughts and voluntary actions and receives the sensations produced by your senses | cerebrum |
to reprocess a resource to make a new product | recycle |
the part of the brain that controls balance and coordination | cerebellum |
the organ system that filters cellular wastes, toxins, and excess water from the body | excretory system |
a substance that is broken apart or joined with another substance by a chemical reaction | reactant |
a diagram that shows the decrease in available energy at each trophic level in an ecosystem | energy pyramid |
the organ system that exchanges gases between the blood and the air | respiratory system |
an infectious disease that attacks and weakens the immune system | AIDS |
the movement of individuals out of an area | emigration |
a noninfectious disease of the nervous system that causes tremors and difficulty with movement | Parkinson's disease |
a particle that forms when two or more atoms are held together by a chemical bond | molecule |
a portion of a group that is studied in order to learn about the whole group | sample |
any nonliving part of an environment | abiotic factor |
a visual display that organizes data into easy-to-see columns and rows | data table |
thin-walled structures in which gases are exchanged between the lungs and the blood | alveoli |
a solution with a pH less than 7 | acid |
to conserve resources by using less | reduce |
a tool used to predict the possible genes and traits of offspring, based on the genes of their parents | Punnett square |
the organ system that receives stimuli from the environment, interprets the stimuli, and initiates a response | nervous system |
a combination of two or more pure substances | mixture |
tending to break or shatter easily | brittle |
the connective tissue that the circulatory system uses to transport materials through the body | blood |
tiny hair-like structures that paramecia use for movement | cilia |
body tissue that connects all parts of the body and provides support | connective tissue |
an area where water has filled all the available spaces in the soil and rock | zone of saturation |
a tube that transports urine from a kidney to the bladder | ureter |
a single-celled organism with a cell wall, classified in kingdom Monera | bacterium |
a characteristic of a substance that can be observed and measured without changing the substance | physical property |
a secondary organ of the digestive system that produces digestive juices | pancreas |
an organism classified in the kingdom Protista; most are single-celled and live in moist environments | protist |
a muscular organ that carries out both mechanical and chemical digestion | stomach |
a group of specialized cells that work together to perform a specific function | tissue |
the process of physically breaking food down into smaller pieces | mechanical digestion |
a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table | period |
a round or spherical bacterium | coccus |
the number of deaths in a population during a certain period of time | death rate |
a number, written below and to the right of an element, that shows how many atoms of each element are in a molecule | subscript |
all the layers of soil in an area | soil profile |
an organism that makes its own food | producer |
the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid | melting point |
a cross that shows the inheritance of only one trait | monohybrid cross |
body tissue that carries impulses back and forth between the brain and the body | nerve tissue |
a fire in a wild area, such as a forest or prairie | wildfire |
a tool that uses two or more lenses to magnify small objects | compound microscope |
a tool that uses two or more lenses to magnify small objects | cardiac muscle |
a consumer that eats both plants and animals | omnivore |
an infection of the respiratory system that is caused by a virus; also called flu | influenza |
the process by which cells break down sugar to releases energy | cellular respiration |
the passing of traits from one generation to another | heredity |
an experiment in which only one factor or variable is tested at a time | controlled scientific investigation |
information collected through scientific research | data |
a pure substance that cannot be changed into a simpler substance | element |
a group of ecosystems that have similar climates and organisms | biome |
a secondary organ of the digestive system that stores bile made by the liver | gallbladder |
an organism classified in the kingdom Fungi | fungus |
a community of living things and their nonliving environment | ecosystem |
allowing water to pass through | permeable |
a cell structure that carries out a life function | organelle |
the smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of that element | atom |
a factor in an investigation that responds to changes in the independent variable | dependent variable |
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells | cell wall |
a working model of a tool or product that is being developed | prototype |
a genetically determined characteristic that distinguishes one organism from another | inherited trait |
different forms of the same gene | alleles |
a large molecule that determines what traits are passed from one generation to the next | DNA |
a substance that can be used to determine if a solution is acidic, basic, or neutral | indicator |
the place where an organism lives, which supplies what it needs to survive | habitat |
conserving resources by using a product more than once | reuse |
a consumer that gets all or almost all of its food from plants | herbivore |
an organ that filters the blood to remove wastes and excess water | kidney |
the vertical axis on a graph | y-axis |
any characteristic of an organism, such as body shape or what it eats | trait |