Question | Answer |
very early embryonic cells | stem cells |
normal body (somatic) cell & number of chromosomes | diploid, 46 |
egg & sperm cells | haploid, have only half the nomral chromosomes (23) |
sequence of events that occurs during life of a cell | cell cycle |
metabolically active, duplicates organelles & cystolic components,replicates centrosomes | G1 Phase |
what happens during G1 phase? Time length? | grows, longest phase, days to years depending on cell type. metabolically active, duplicates organelles & cystolic components,replicates centrosomes |
programmed cellular death | apoptosis |
dormant state in which cells only perform necessary functions to stay alive | G0 phase. time varies |
commitment to undergo cellular division. DNA replicated | **S Phase |
**S Phase | DNA replicated during |
organelles duplicated, final opportunity to create proteins | G2 Phase |
Interphase schedule | G1, G0, S, G2 (M) |
exit from cell cycle-nondividing cell | G0 |
g2 phase | cell growth continues, enzymes & other proteins synthesized, replication of centrosome completed. |
Mitotic(M) Phase cycle | Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
cellular division produces | 2 identical daughter cells during Mitosis |
rate at which cell undergoes Mitosis | Mitotic rate |
Interphase activities (3) | DNA replication, duplicated organelles, cell growth |
What happens during prophase | nuclear membrane disappears, distinct chromosomes |
copies of chromosome DNA | chromatid |
chromatids held together by a | centromere |
astral ray of spindle fibers | microtubules extend between pairs of centrioles |
metaphase | equator, chromosomes line up *countable |
anaphase | centromere divides & chromatids seperate moving towards centrioles at opposite poles- pulled apart by spindle fibers |
Mitotic(M) Phase cycle | Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
cellular division produces | 2 identical daughter cells during Mitosis |
rate at which cell undergoes Mitosis | Mitotic rate |
Interphase activities (3) | DNA replication, duplicated organelles, cell growth |
prophase | active cell division |
What happens during prophase | nuclear membrane disappears, distinct chromosomes |
copies of chromosome DNA | chromatid |
chromatids held together by a | centromere |
astral ray of spindle fibers | microtubules extend between pairs of centrioles |
metaphase | equator, chromosomes line up *countable |
anaphase | centromere divides & chromatids seperate moving towards centrioles at opposite poles- pulled apart by spindle fibers |
cellulr components physically seperated (hour-glass) | cytokinesis |
telophase | chromosomes finish moving to daughter cells, DNA uncoils, nuclear envelope reforms, |
what follows telophase | interphase and G0 |
prophase | active cell division, chromosomes become visible |