Question | Answer |
Mathieu Orfila | Spanish physician who used autopsy and toxicology to solve crime, known as the "Father of Toxicology", wrote the book General Toxicology in 1813 |
Alphonse Bertillion | Devised the first scientific system of personal identification, in the 1830's. Anthropometry is a systematic procedure of taking a series of body measurements as a way to distinguish individuals, used to identify criminals. |
William Herschel | Magistrate in colonial India, began to require fingerprints on all contracts, as a means of identification, in 1877. |
Francis Galton | Designed the form used for finger printing, soon after this the practice of finger printing for identification of criminals was used by Scotland Yard, and then by the US police force in 1888. |
Edmond Load | Developed working crime laboratories, studied trace evidence. Created the card Exchange Principle in the 1900's the idea that if two items contact there is an exchange of matter between the items. |
Dr. Hans Gross | In 1893, he wrote the book Criminal Investigation. This book describes the use of physical evidence in solving crime by using scientific principles. |
Karl Landsteiner | In 1901, he discovered the presence of the ABO blood groups, blood typing could be used to identify the type of blood that a person had. |
Albert Osborn | Developed the principles of document examination. In 1910, he wrote a book called Questioned Documents; many of his practices are still used in forensic labs today when analyzing documents in counterfeit of forgery cases |
Calvin Goddard | Established the use of comparison microscopes in 1925, he used comparison microscopes to compare bullets to determine if a gun had fired a bullet. |
Walter McCrone | Known for his contributions to particle analysis, in 1970's he wrote a book called Particle Atlas, it described methods to examine evidence using microscopy. |
Alec Jefferys | In 1984 he published a paper on Genetic Fingerprinting, using an individuals genetic code to determine identity. He was able to determine through genetic fingerprinting that an immigrant was the birth son of the British citizen rather then a nephew. |