| Question | Answer |
| The measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface. | Air pressure |
| A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet, moon, or other celestial body. | Atmosphere |
| The transfer of energy as heat through a material. | Conduction |
| The movement of matter due to the differences in density that are caused by temperature variations; can result in the transfer of energy as heat. | Convection |
| Any movement of matter that results from differences in density, may be vertical, circular, or cyclical. | Convection Current |
| The curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth's rotation. | Coriolis Effect |
| One of Earth's spheres where water is in solid form, including snow cover, floating ice, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, and frozen ground permafrost. | Cryosphere |
| Information gathered by observation or experimentation that can be used in calculating or reasoning. | Data |
| A stream like movement of ocean water far below the surface. | Deep current |
| All of the nonliving things, living things, and processes that make up the planet Earth, including the solid Earth, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere. | Earth system |
| The observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanations. | Empirical evidence |
| an organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions. | Experiment |
| The mostly solid, rocky part of the earth, extends from the center of the core to the surface of the crust. | Geosphere |
| The movement of air over Earth's surface in patterns that are worldwide. | Global wind |
| The warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases absorb and reradiate thermal energy. | Greenhouse effect |
| The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures. | Heat |
| The portion of Earth that is water | Hydrosphere |
| A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation | Hypothesis |
| A narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper atmosphere. | Jet stream |
| A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions. | Law |
| The movement of air over short distances; occurs in specific areas as a result of certain geographical features. | Local wind |
| The layer of the atmosphere between the stratosphere and the thermosphere and in which temperature decreases as altitude increases. | Mesosphere |
| A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept. | Model |
| the process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses. | Observation |
| A movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern. | Ocean current |
| The layer of the atmosphere at an altitude of 15 to 40 km in which ozone absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation. | Ozone Layer |
| The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves. | Radiation |
| The knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions in order to discover facts and formulate laws or principles that can be verified or tested. | Science |
| 28. The layer of the atmosphere that lies between the troposphere and the mesosphere and in which temperature increases as altitude increases; contains the ozone layer. | Stratosphere |
| A horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near the ocean's surface. | Surface current |
| A measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. | Temperature |
| The explanation for some phenomenon that is based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning; that is supported by a large quantity of evidence; and that does not conflict with any existing experimental results or observations. | Theory |
| The total kinetic energy of a substance's atoms. | Thermal energy |
| An increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance. | Thermal expansion |
| The uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases. | Thermosphere |
| The lowest layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature drops at a constant rate as altitude increases; the part of the atmosphere where weather conditions exist. | Troposphere |
| The movement of deep, cold, and nutrient rich water to the surface. | Upwelling |
| Any factor that can change in an experiment, observation, or model | Variable |
| The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure. | Wind |
| All the living organisms on Earth in the air, on the land and on the waters; one of the four parts of the Earth system. | Biopshere |
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