Questionconstip | Answer |
oxygen | no more than 2L of o2..normal patient carbondioxide driven |
Respiratory Stimulants(caffeine citrate,theophylline) | tx hyperventilation;dysrhythmias,tachycardia. encourage pt not to smoke;minimize intake of colas,coffee,chocolate & charcoal-broiled foods daily |
broncodilators | act by relaxing smooth muscles of bronchial tree;nervousness cardiac irregularities hypertension,hyperglycemia-thickened secretions & mucus,urinary frequency...not indicated for pts with glaucoma; watch closely for cardiac dysrhythmias |
corticosteriods(inhaled MDI & aerosol,intranasal) | used to relieve inflammation; delayed wound healing & increase susceptibility to infection,osteoporosis,intraocular pressure(glaucoma)or cataract...give brochodilators prior to giving corticosteroids |
mucolytics | liquefy pulmonary secretions; asthmatics prone to brocospasms; educate fluid intake helps loosen & liquefy secretions |
expectorants | help to expel sputum |
antitussives (codeine, robitussin AC) | prevent coughing;addition-prone pts asthma |
antihistamines(diphenydramine,benadryl | relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release; used to tx symptoms of allergies; sedation...use caution when driving or operating machinery |
smoking cessation aids | pts should not smoke while taking these aids |
decongestants | shrinkage of swollen mucous membranes;caution:glaucoma |
antacids | constipation diarrhea; avoid other meds |
agents for tx of ulcers & gerd | acting as histamine 2 receptor antagonists;cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine |
omeprazole:prilosec | antisecretory agent PPI- take all proton inhibitors before meals & swallow the capsule intact without opening,chewing, or crushing |
antidiarrhea agents(kaopecta, lomotil) | reduce number of loose stools |
antiflatulents | tx of gastric bloating; helping break gas |
laxatives & cathartics(bulk forming laxatives) | tx of choice for simple constipation/caution for acute abd pain,partial bowel obstruction |
mineral oil | malabsorption of vitamin A,D,E, & K |
saline laxatives(MOM) | caution:electrolytes imbalance |
stimulant laxatives | give srong warnings against frequent or prolonged use |
hyperosmotic laxative | exerts an action that draws water from the tissues into the feces. |
antiemetics (phenergan, zofran, & reglan) | tx of vomiting & nausea...confusion, anxiety, & restlessness sedation/caution:angle-closure glaucoma |