Question | Answer |
3 types of Depressive Disorders | Major Depression, Dysthymic disorder, Double Depression |
Major Depression | Extremely depressed mood lasting at least 2 weeks with disturbed physical functioning; age of onset decreasing (from 25 to 14). |
Depression: Anhedonia | Loss of interest/pleasure in daily activities. |
Depression: Mania | exaggerated joy or euphoria characterized by rapid/incoherent speech and hyperactivity. |
Dysthymia | Milder symptoms than major depression, but more chronic; early childhood onset; high risk of suicide. |
Double Depression | Major depressive episodes with dysthymia; High reccurance rate, very common. |
Depression: Grief | Only considered as depression when there are severe symptoms lasting longer than 1 year. |
3 types of Bipolar Disorders | Bipolar I, Bipolar II, Cyclothymic Disorder. All equally affect males and females. |
Bipolar I Disorder | Alternating full major depressive and manic episodes; onset at 18, chronic; high risk for suicide. |
Bipolar II Disorder | Alternating full major depressive and hypomanic (less severe mania) episodes; 10-13% of cases progress to Bipolar I; chronic. |
Cyclothymic Disorder | Less severe depressive and manic episodes that last for extended periods of time; chronic, lifelong. |
Specifiers | Aid in determining most effective treatment for a disorder. (Symptom and Course) |
Symptom Specifiers | Describe the most recent episode. |
Course Specifiers | Describe the pattern of behavior/episodes. |
Rapid cycling pattern | 4 or more manic/depressive episodes in one year; Bipolar I & II only. |
Relationship between Depression and Anxiety | Most depressed people are anxious; not all anxious people are depressed. |
2 Psychological theories regarding Mood Disorders | Learned Helplessness Theory of Depression, Cognitive Theory of Depression |
Learned Helplessness Theory of Depression | Depression is caused by a lack of perceived control over life events. |
Cognitive Theory of Depression | Depressed people have a tendency to interpret life events negatively. |
Bipolar Medication: Lithium | Mood stabilizer; increases thyroid functioning. |
Bipolar: Psychotic symptoms | Occur during both manic and depressive episodes. |