Question | Answer |
Atoms | All things are made up of atoms |
Parts of an Atom | Nucleus (protons & neutrons) |
Protons | Positive charge |
Neutrons | No charge |
Opposites Attracted | + attracts and vice versa |
Electrons | Negatively charged particles outside of the nucleus |
Number of Electrons | Number of Protons |
Number of Protons | Determines what kind of atom it is, which are identified as a different chemical element |
Element | Substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means |
Pure Substance | Matter that cannot be separated into its parts by physical means |
Each Elements Atoms | Have the same number of protons |
Smallest Unit of an Element | Atom |
90 | About the amount of elements found in nature |
Molecule | Group of two or more atoms held together by strong chemical bonds |
Compounds | Pure substances made up of two or more elements |
Periodic Table of Elements | Chart that organizes and presents information about all the elements |
Atomic Number | Identifies number of protons in the nucleus of one atom of an element |
Atomic Mass | The Number of protons and neutrons in one atom of an element combined |
Model | Can be a diagram, 3d representation, map, programs, or math equation |
Period | Each horizontal row in the periodic table. These are numbered from one to seven |
Group/Family | Each vertical column in the periodic table. These are numbered from one to eighteen |
Metals | Elements to the left of the step-like figure. They are shiny, malleable, ductile and usually solid at room temperature. They are good conductors of heat and electricity |
Non-Metals | Elements that aren’t metals. They are located above or to the right of the step-like figure. They are dull, brittle, and poor conductors of heat and electricity |
Metalloids | Have characteristics of metals and non-metals |
Chemical property | a characteristic that determines how a substance will interact with other substances during a chemical reaction |
Reactivity | describes how likely an element is to react and form bonds with other elements |
Ion | atom that has a positive or negative charge |
Inert | unable to react chemically |
Alkali Metals | Metals that are the most reactive, have a low density, and can be cut with a knife fall into this group |
Alkaline-earth metals | Not as reactive as Alkali metals, but still very reactive. Silver in color and are denser than Alkali |
Transition Metals | Includes groups 3-12 on periodic table, shiny, good conductors of thermal energy, higher densities and melting points than groups 1-2, except mercury |
Boron Group | Reactive, solid at room temperature |
Carbon Group | varied reactivity, solid at room temperature |
Nitrogen Group | varied reactivity, all but nitrogen are solid at room temperature |
Oxygen Group | reactive, all but oxygen are solid at room temperature |
Halogens | Very reactive, poor conductors of electricity, react violently with alkali to form salts, never found uncombined in nature |
Noble Gases | unreactive, colorless, odorless gases at room temperature |
Hydrogen | reactive, colorless, odorless gas at room temperature; reacts explosively with oxygen |