Question | Answer |
Identify at least 4 activities that promote immune function | -adequate nutrition
-good hygiene
-rest and exercise
-immunizations |
Discuss the factors that place an individual at an increased risk of infection | -degree of resistance of individual
-age & stress
-number of medical procedures
-stress
-immune disorders
-certain medications |
Identify standard precautions to prevent transmission of infections through blood and body fluids | -hand hygiene and clean gloves
-PPE
-avoid recapping needles
-carefully handle used patient care equipment |
Describe additional precautions that must be taken when there is concern about contact disease transmission | -PPE
-private room
-avoid sharing patient-care equipment, -limit moving patient from room |
Describe additional precautions that must be taken when there is concern about droplet disease transmission | -private room if possible
-PPE
-keep visitors 3 feet from patient |
Describe additional precautions that must be taken when there is concern about airborne disease transmission | -PPE
-private negative air pressure room
-respiratory protective equipment
-transport only when necessary |
Discuss methods of preventing infection by breaking the chain of infection | -aseptic techniques
-treating underlying diseases
-identifying organisms
-disinfection and sterilization
-good hand hygiene |
Implement measures to prevent nosocomial infections | -appropriate aseptic technique
-follow standard precautions
-transmission-based precautions in providing wound care |
Use medical asepsis when providing care to clients | -good hand hygiene
-carry soiled items away from body
-no coughing,sneezing, breathing directly on other
-avoid raising dust |
Implement sterile technique when providing care to clients | -hold sterile objects above waist level
-never walk away or turn your back on a sterile field
-consider the outer 1 inch of a sterile field to be contaminated |
State at least one nursing diagnosis that might be used to describe a problem for the following vital sign: temperature | dehydration RT hyperpyrexia |
State at least one nursing diagnosis that might be used to describe a problem for each of the four vital signs: pulse | pulse- ineffective peripheral tissue profusion RT dehydration and reduced blood volume. |
State at least one nursing diagnosis that might be used to describe a problem for the following vital sign: respiration | respiration- ineffective breathing pattern, RT smoking 1 pack/day cigarettes |
State at least one nursing diagnosis that might be used to describe a problem for the following vital sign: blood pressure | blood pressure- ineffective health maintenance RT overabundance of calories. |
virulence | ability to grow and divide |
pathogenicity | ability to cause disease |
colonization | growth in numbers without tissue damage, asymptomatic, normally unaware they are a reservoir |
invasiveness | ability to enter tissues |