| Question | Answer |
| Ednocrine System | glands, hormones:
Hormonal control of the body. |
| Respiratory System | lungsT,trachea, pharynx. larynx:
Transfers oxygen from the air to blood. |
| Popliteal | The posterior surface of the knee. |
| Oblique Plane | passes through the body or organ at a diagonal angel. |
| Plantar | the sole of the foot |
| Patellar | sesamoid bone, situated at the front of the knee. |
| Otic | pertaining to the ear |
| The Brain | 3 tissues types:
Nervous tissues
Connective tissue
blood or vascular tissue |
| Electrons | Negative charge: orbits outside of the nucleus. |
| Valence Electrons | The electrons located in an atom's OUTERMOST shell |
| Octet Rule | atoms undergoing reactions end up with 8 valence electrons.
1st circle=only 2 electrons
2nd circle=hold up to 8 |
| Organs | combination of various tissue types that form a structural unit. |
| Mitochondria | produces ATP which are the cells energy source.
called the POWER HOUSE of the cell |
| Vertebral Canal
(spinal) | formed by the bones of the vertebral column, and contains spinal cord. |
| Thoracic Cavity | Contains the lungs, heart, and blood vessels, and adominopelvic cavity. |
| Sternal | pertaining to the sternum. |
| Deportment | The manner in which a person behaves. |
| Inferior | Pertaining to below: towards the feet, or lower part of a structure. |
| Distal | farther away |
| Unilateral | Pertaining to one side |
| Inorganic Molecules | don't contain hydrogen attached to a carbon chain as it's backbone. |
| Cervical | to the neck, or the neck of an organ structure. |
| Specific Organelles in the Cytoplasm | endoplasmic reticulum
the golgi complex
lysosmes
mitchondria |
| Organic Molecules | contains a carbon skeleton and hydrogen atoms. |
| Anatomy | the study(or science) of body structure and their relationships with other body structures. |
| Lysosmes | serves as the cells digestive system
contains enzymes that break down molecules
recongnizes food valcules from phagocytosis. |
| Lymphatic & Immune Systems | lymph nodes, vessels, spleen thymus.
FIGHTS INFECTIONS. |
| Body Cavities | spaces within the body that contain, protect, separate, and support internal organs. 2 principal cavities:
Dorsal & Ventral |
| Organic VS Inorganic Molecules | organic: contains a carbon skeleton and hydrogen atoms
inorganic: don't contain hydrogen,and is attached to a carbon chain as its backbone. |
| Superficial | towards the body surface |
| Anatomical Postion | Pt. facing the clinician, head level and eyes facing forward. Feet flat on the floor, arms at the sides, palms turned forward STANDING STRAIGHT UP |
| Pronation | palms down or posterior |
| Nurtrition | material acquried from the environment into the body |
| Basic Requirements of all living things | Living things have: Oranization,design,grow and develop. |
| Organisms | individual living being that are composed of many cells |
| Cardiovascular System | heart, lungs, blood vessels:
TRANSPORTS OXYGEN |
| Physiology | the study of body functions and how the body works. |
| Tarsal | the ankle bones |
| Muscular System | skeletal muscles, cardiac and smooth.
PRODUCES HEAT |
| Nervous System | brain,spinal cord,nerves,sense organs
FAST BODY CONTROL |
| Urinary System | kidnesy,urinary bladder, ureter, urethra:
REGULATES VOLUMES & CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD |
| Digestive System | mouth,esophagus,stomach,small & large intestine(colon) rectum,liver,gallbladder,pancreas, salivary glands. |
| Reproductive System | testes, penis,ovaries,uretus,vagina
GONDADS |
| Endocytosis | moving material into the cell:
Pinocytosis:moves liquid into the cell"cell drinking"
Phagocytosis:moves large particle into the cell"cell eating" |
| Crainal Bone(skull) | containg the brain |
| Disaccharides | 2 sugar molecules linked by dehydration synthesis.
SUCROSE=glucose+fructose=table sugar
LACTOSE=glucose+galactose=milk sugar
MALTOSE=glucose+glucose=form in the digestive tract. |
| Exocytosis | moving material out of the cell |
| Body Regions | five major regions of the body:
HEAD,NECK,TRUNK,UPPER LIMB, LOWER LIMB |
| 3 Major Categories of Membrane Proteins | 1)Transport proteins:regulate movement
2)Receptor Proteins:binds and triggers hormones or nutrients.
3)Recongnition proteins:think WHITE BLOOD CELLS ex: ANTIBODIES. |
| Caudal | pertaining to the tail, inferior end of trunk |
| D.N.A | Dexoyribonucleic Acid: is the molecule of heredity. |
| Nucleus | contains DNA and controls all the functions of the cell |
| Neutrons | have no charge |
| Mass Number | the number of protons adn neutrons in the cells |
| Intermediate | between 2 structures |
| Transverse Plane | divides body into superior & inferior positions. |
| Digital | finger manipulation or imprint |
| Sagittal Planes | divides the body or organ into righ & left |
| Parasagittal Plane | body or organ is divided into UNEQUAL righ or left sides |
| Deep | away from the surface of the body |
| Homeostasis | ability of an organism to maintain a constant internal condition, while the external enviornment may change.
TO STAY THE SAME |
| Inert Atoms | Atoms that will not react with other atoms when its outermost election shell is stable. |
| Free Radicals | A chemically unstable and highly reactive molecule that is missing a electrons.
Ex: CANCER,CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, ARTHRITIS |
| Plasma Membrane | A thin sheet or membrane that surrounds the cell to separate the inside from the outside tissue |
| Inversion | soles pointing in |
| Antecubital | situated infront of the elbow |
| Scapular | flat triangular bone in the back of the shoulder blade. |
| Inguinal | between abdomen & thigh
GROIN |
| Glabella | smooth area on frontal bone,
BETWEEN EYEBROWS |
| Lumbar | part of back between, thorax and plevis |
| Mammary | the breast |
| Occipital | posterior,inferior portion of the cranium
BACK OF THE HEAD |
| Orbital | bony canvity that contains teh eyeball |
| Promximal | pertaining to near the attachment of a limb to the trunk |
| Superior | pertaining to above
TOWARDS THE HEAD |
| Dorso | back |
| Dorsiflexion | bending the foot with toes towards the anterior. |
| Skeletal System | bones,cartilage,joints
PRODUCES BLOOD |
| Integumentary System | skin,hair,nails,dermis & epidermis |
| Abdominiopelvic Quadrants
4 | RUQ,LUQ,RLQ,LLQ |
| Abdominopelvic Regions
9 regions | epigastric,righ hypochondriac
left hypochondriac, umbilical,
right lumbar
left lumbar,right iliac,left iliac, hypogastric |
| Abdominopelvic cavity | lies inferior to the diaghramand contains the remaining organs. |
| The Golgi Complex | sorts, chemically alters,packages important molecules,then ships out of the cell.
THINK UPS |
| Femoral | the thigh |
| Organ Systems | a group of serveral organs that work together to perform a single function. |
| Ions | when a neutral atom loses or gain an election, it becomes chared.
SHARING ELETRONS |
| Hydrophobic Molecules | water-fearing, no attraction to water, don't dissolve in water
"OILS" |
| 70%-90% | all living organisms are made up of water |
| PET SCAN | Positron Emission Tomography
"HOT SPOTS" |
| Isotopes | the number of protons in the atomic nucleus differ with the number of neutrons. |
| Covalent Bonds | sharing of electrons with another atoms. |
| Ionic Bonds | gain or loss of electrons: by transferring one or more electrons. |
| Dorsal Cavity | locatd in the Posterior portion, is subdivided into the cranial cavity |
| Polysacharides | polymers of many monosaccharides
STARCH,GLYCOGEN,CELLULOSE |
| Organelles | miniature chemical factories insides the cell that use teh information in teh genes to keep the cell alive and functioning normally |
| Tissues | group of similar cells that perform a particular function |
| Stimuli | reaction to light, sound,chemicals, and other stimuli from their external surrounds. |
| Eversion | soles pointing out |
| Supination | Palms up |
| Nervous Tissue | transmit signals to all parts of the body, to perform a funciton |
| Ventral Cavtity | located in anterior region |
| Carpal | wrist |
| Calcaneal | the heel bone, or achellis tendon |
| Contralateral | pertaining to the other side |
| Chromosomes | threadlike structure that is in every cell nucleus:
46 sex chromosomes,or 22 homologous pairs
female: xx
male: xy |
| hydrophilica Molecules | waer loving, dissolves in water |
| PH SCALE | Acids=ph below 7
Bases=ph above 7
water=ph of 7
HUMANS=PH OF 7.3-7.4 |
| Antioxidants | vitamins: neutralize free radicals by donating electrons
HELPING PROTECT THE BODY FROM DAMAGE |
| Passive Transport | moves DOWN gradients and NO ENERGY required |
| Active Transport | moves UPHILL against gradient ENERGY is required |
| Facilitated Diffusion | molecules moves cross the membrane with help of membran TRANSPORT PROTEINS |
| 3 Major Functions of Plasma Membrane | Selectively isolates regulates exchange communicates |
| Monocaccharides | one sugar molecule |
| Proteins | consists of chains of amino acids |
| Lipids & Oils | consists of: carbon, hydrogen & oxygen |
| Function | energy storage and structural support. |
| Vertebral | pertaining to 24 bones of the spinalo column |
