Question | Answer |
iris | the pigmented, involuntary muscle that acts as the diaphragm of the eye. |
sclera | the firm white fibrous outer layer of the eyeball; protects and maintains eyeball shape. |
lacrimal gland | the tear producing gland |
conjunctiva | the thin, protective mucous membrane lining in the eyelids and covering the anterior surface of the eyeball |
optic nerve | either of the second pair of cranial nerves, which carry sensory information relating to vision from the retina of the eye to the brain |
lens | the elastic, doubly convex structure in the eye that focuses the light entering the eye on the retina. |
cornea | the transparent anterior portion of the eyeball. |
pupil | an opening in the center of the iris through which light enters the eye |
aqueous humor | the watery fluid in the anterior chambers of the eye cornea juice |
vitreous humor | the clear gelatinous substance that fills the eyeball between the retina and the lens. |
optic disc | a small oval-shaped area on the retina marking the site of entrance into the eyeball of the optic nerve or the blind spot |
retina | light sensitive layer of the eye; contains rods and cones. |
choroid | the pigmented nutritive layer of the eye. |
suspensory ligament | fibrous ligament that holds the lens in place in the eye |
rod | one of the two types of photosensitive cells in the retina. |
cone | one of the two types of photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye. Provides for color vision. |
photoreceptor | specialized receptors cells that respond to light nergy |
fovea centralis | a small depression near the center of the retina, constituting the area of most acute vision |
refraction | the ability of the eye to bend light so that an image is focused on the retina |
magnification | the process of enlarging the size of something |
astigmatisma | visual defect resulting from irregularity in the lens or cornea of the eye causing the image to be out of focus |
hyperopia | farsightedness |
myopia | near sightedness |
pinna | outer projecting portion of the ear |
tympanic membrane | the eardrum |
eustation tube | the tube that links the pharynx to the middle ear |
malleous | a small bone in the ear used to pick up vibrations from the eardrum and then transfers it to the anvil |
incus | passes the vibration from the malleous to the stapes. |
stapes | the vibration comes here from the incus and makes this press against the oval window |
oval window (round window) | when pressed against by the stapes it gets the fluid in the inner ear into motion eventually activating the hearing receptors |
cochlea | houses the hearing receptors 1 of the 3 subdivisions of the bony labyrinth |
semicircular canals | 1 of the 3 subdivisions of the bony labyrinth that help with balance |
vestibule | the cavity between the cochlea and the semicircular canals |
auditory nerve | either of the eighth pair of cranial nerves that divides to form the cochlear nerve and that vestibular nerve |
equilibrium (as it pertains to balance) | a state where oppisite reactions or forces counteract each other |
tinnitus | A buzzing, ringing, or whistling sound in one or both ears occurring without an external stimulus. Its causes include ear infection or blockage, certain drugs, head injury, and neurologic disease. |
chemoreceptor | the receptors for taste and olfaction |
olfactory receptor | receptors for the sense of smell |
olfactory nerve | the nerve that transmits impulse about smell to the cortex of the brain |
taste bud | receptor cells for the sense of taste |