Question | Answer |
The nervous system enables the body to respond and adapt to changes that occur | both inside and outside the body. |
A space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of other neurons is called | a synapse |
Associative or internuncial nerves carry | sensory and motor messages. |
What is responsible for reflex actions including chewing, tasting, and saliva production | The pons |
The spinal cord ends at | the fourth or fifth lumbar vertebra. |
Spinal nerves are mixed nerves called | afferent and efferent |
What brain damage leads to a disturbance in voluntary muscle action | Cerebral palsy |
A cerebrovascular accident can be caused by a/an | obstruction of blood flow to the brain or a hemorrhage. |
What drug treatment during the first three hours after a cerebrovascular accident can help prevent brain damage. | thrombolytic drugs |
Paralysis of the arms, legs, and body below the spinal cord injury is called. | Quadriplegia |
What disease includes tremors, stiffness, muscular rigidity, a shuffling gait, and loss of facial expression. | Parkinson’s disease |
Nerve pain caused by inflammation, pressure, toxins, and other diseases is called | Neuralgia |
Drugs that help prevent injury to neurons is called | Neuroprotective agents |
The basic structural unit of the nervous system is the | neuron |
A nerve fiber that carries impulses toward the cell body is a/an | dendrite |
A condition caused by continuous repetitive movement of the wrist is called | carpal tunnel syndrome |
Sensory nerves that carry messages from all parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord are | afferent |
The part of the brain responsible for muscle coordination, balance and posture, and muscle tone is the | cerebellum |
The part of the brain responsible for conducting impulses between brain parts and for certain eye and auditory reflexes is the | midbrain |
The part of the brain that regulates heartbeat, respiration, swallowing, coughing, and blood pressure is the | medulla oblongata |
The part of the brain that is responsible for thought, reasoning, memory, speech, and voluntary body movement is the | cerebrum |
The membranes covering the brain and spinal cord are the | meninges |
Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by special structures called | choroid plexuses |
Hollow spaces in the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid are called | ventricles |
The division of the autonomic nervous system that acts in times of emergency is the | sympathetic |
The thick, tough outer covering of the brain and spinal cord is the | dura mater |
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems work together to maintain a balanced state called | homeostasis |
Paralysis of the lower extremities is called | paraplegia |
An excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain is called | hydrocephalus |
A cerebrovascular accident commonly causes | hemiplegia |
Abnormal electrical impulses in the neurons of the brain cause | epilepsy |
An acute inflammation of nerve cells caused by the herpes virus is called | shingles |
A chronic, progressive, disabling condition resulting from a degeneration of the myelin sheath is called | multiple sclerosis |
An inflammation of the brain frequently caused by a virus contracted from a mosquito bite is called | encephalitis |
What are two main divisions of the nervous system? | central nervous system, peripheral nervous system |
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system? | sympathetic, parasympathetic |
What are functions of the cerebrospinal fluid | shock absorber, carries nutrients, removes metabolic products and wastes |
What are functions of the body regulated and controlled by the hypothalamus | autonomic nervous system, temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep, blood vessel constriction and dilation |
What center is responsible for reasoning, thought, memory, speech, sensation, sight, smell, hearing, and voluntary body movement | cerebrum |
What area is responsible for muscle coordination, balance and posture, and muscle tone; | cerebellum |
What area in the brain contains the thalamus and hypothalamus | diencephalon |
What part of the brain acts as the relay center to direct sensory impulses to the cerebrum | thalamus |
What area of the brain regulates and controls the autonomic nervous system, temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep, blood vessel constriction and dilation | hypothalamus |
What area of the brain conducts impulses between brain parts and responsible for certain eye and auditory reflexes; | midbrain |
What area of the brain conducts messages to other brain parts and controls reflex actions such as chewing, tasting, and saliva production | pons |
What area of the brain regulates heartbeat, respiration, swallowing, coughing, and blood pressure | medulla oblongata |
What are the three meninges | dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater |
A neurological disorder tht causes a client to make sounds and twitch uncontrollably is called | Tourette's syndrome |
A progressive degeneration of neurons in the brain is called | Alzheimer's |
A defect in the spinal column in which the spinal cord and/or its covering protrude outside the vertebrae is called | Spina bifida |
What consists of a cell body containing a nucleus, nerve fibers called dendrites and a single nerve fiber called an axon | Neuron |
A combination of many nerve fivers located outside the brain and spinal cord is called | Nerves |
Contains four lobes, the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital. | Cerebrum |
Acts as a relay center and directs sensory impulses to the cerebrum. | Thalamus |
The spinal cord ends at the | first or second lumbar vertebra |
The innermost membrane covering the brain and spinal cord is called | the meninges |
After circulating, cerebrospinal fluid is absorbed into the blood vessels through special structures called | arachnoid villi |
What nervous system consists of 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves | somatic |
What nervous system increases heart rate, increases respiration, and slows activity in the digestive tract. | sympathetic nervous |
What type of seizures are milder and characterized by a loss of consciousness lasting several seconds. | petit mal seizures |
Meningitis is treated with | antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and/or medications for pain and cerebral edema. |
Paralysis in the lower extremities or lower part of the body and is caused by a spinal cord injury is called | paraplegia |
Two main divisions of the nervous system is | central nervous system and peripheral nervous system |
Two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are called | sympathetic, parasympathetic |
Functions of the cerebrospinal fluid is | shock absorber, carries nutrients, removes metabolic products and wastes |
Autonomic nervous system, temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep, blood vessel constriction and dilation is called | functions of the body regulated and controlled by the hypothalamus. |
Center for reasoning, thought, memory, speech, sensation, sight, smell, hearing, and voluntary body movement: | cerebrum |
Responsible for muscle coordination, balance and posture, and muscle tone; | cerebellum |
Contains the thalamus and hypothalamus: | diencephalon |
Relay center to direct sensory impulses to the cerebrum: | thalamus |
Regulates and controls the autonomic nervous system, temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep, blood vessel constriction and dilation | hypothalamus |
Conducts impulses between brain parts and responsible for certain eye and auditory reflexes | midbrain |
Conducts messages to other brain parts and controls reflex actions such as chewing, tasting, and saliva production | pons |
Regulates heart beat, respiration, swallowing, coughing, and blood pressure | medulla oblongata |
Dura mater, arachnoid membrane and pia mater | three meninges. |
What do neurons contain that carry messages to the cell body | dendrites |
Nerves are a combination of many nerve fibers located | outside brain and spinal cord |
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) has two divisions called the | somatic and autonomic nervous system |
What contains the two structures, called the thalamus and hypothalamus | diencephalon |