Question | Answer |
What are the 4 main hormones found in the GI system | gastrin, secretin, CCK, GIP |
Where are the GI hormones secreted from | from endocrine cells into the mucosa of the stomach and SI |
What causes the release of GI hormones | Vagal stim, distension, chem stim |
What do GI hormones help regulate | stomach fxn, SI, gall bladder, pancreas |
Where is gastrin released | in caudad of stomach and duod |
Where is secretin and CCK released | cells in duod |
Where is GIP released | duod and jejun |
What do the parietal cells secrete | HCL and intrinsic factor |
where can you find gastric glands | in all stomach except pyloric and cardiac regions |
What is contained in gastric juices | HCL, intrinsic factor, pepsinogen |
What are the fxns of HCL | to denature proteins, maintain low bacterial level, allow pepsinogen to be converted into its active form pepsin |
What vit is intrinsic factor needed in the absorption of | B12 |
What is the fxn of secretin | released by S cells, stimulates pancreatic HCO3- to release |
How does CCK function | stimulated I cells which are stimulated by lipids in duod. Causes gallbladder to contract and squeeze bile into SI, sphincter of Oddi to relax |
How does GIP fxn | released by K cells in duod, decreases motor and secretory activity in the stomach, inhibits acid secretion, casues insulin release from beta cells of pancreas |