Question | Answer |
Galaxy: | A large collection of stars, gas, and dust held together by mutual gravitation. |
Gas: | The state in which a substance has no definite shape or volume. |
Geologic: | Of or relating to Earth or Earth processes. |
Glacier: | A large mass of snow and ice moving along Earth's surface. |
Gravitational: | The mutual force of attraction between particles of matter. The magnitude depends on the masses of the particle and the distance between them. |
Gravity: | The force of gravitational attraction on or near the surface of a celestial body. |
Greenhouse gases: | Gases that are in the atmosphere that trap heat energy so that it can not escape to space. |
Groundwater: | Water that is in the porous parts of Earth's crust. |
Habitat: | The local environment in which a specified organism, population, or species lives, characterized by physical and chemical features, and the presence of certain other species. (Compare ecosystem, biome, environment). |
Hardness: | Property of a mineral's resistance to being scratched. |
Heat Energy: | The energy of a material due to the random motion of its particles. Also called thermal energy. The word "heat" is used when energy is transferred from one substance to another. |
Host: | An organism that supports a parasite either in or on its own body and to its own detriment. |
Hurricane: | A large, powerful cyclonic storm that forms over a tropical ocean. |
Hydrosphere: | Any part of the Earth or its atmosphere in which water or water vapor is found. |
Hypotheses: | Plural of hypothesis. A hypothesis a prediction that can be tested and is based on an observation, experience, or a scientific reason The statement includes the expected cause and effect in a given circumstance or situation. |
Igneous rock: | Rock formed through the process of magma or lava cooling and hardening. |
Image: | The optical counterpart of an object formed by a mirror or a lens. |
Imprint: | A fossil that is an organism's impression which was formed in mud that later hardened into rock. |
Independent variable: | The factor/value altered by the experimenter during the scientific investigation. The changes made affect the value of the dependent variable. This quantity is plotted along the x-axis of a graph. |
Index fossil: | A fossil of an organism that lived a relatively short time on Earth, used to determine the relative age of rock layers. |
Indicator: | A substance that changes color when it comes in contact with an acid or a base. |
Inertia: | The reluctance of any object to change its state of motion. Mass is the measure of inertia. |
Inherit: | To receive a characteristic (genes) from an ancestor. |
Innate: | A trait that is inborn- genetically inherited. |
Insulator: | (1) A material that is a poor conductor of heat energy.(2) A material that is a poor conductor of electricity. |
Interdependence: | The relationships between or among organisms necessary for their survival. |
Investigation: | To observe or study by using a systematic inquiry approach. |
Kinetic energy: | Energy of motion. |
Latitude: | A position relative to the distance North or South from the Earth's equator, measured in degrees. |
Law of Conservation of Energy: | Energy cannot be created or destroyed- only changed from one form to another. |
Law of Conservation of Mass: | Mass can be neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction- only changed from one form to another. |
Law of Electrostatics: | Law that states like charges repel; unlike charges attract. |
Law of Superposition: | Law that states in undisturbed sedimentary rock layers, the younger layer is closer to Earth's surface and the older layer is below this. |
Light: | Electromagnetic radiation or electromagnetic waves which are visible to the human eye. |
Liquid: | The state in which a substance flows and takes up the shape of its container. |
Litmus paper: | An indicator which shows whether a solution is acidic or basic (acids turn blue litmus paper red; bases turn red litmus paper blue). |
Longitudinal wave: | A wave in which the vibration is moving in the same direction as that in which the wave is traveling. |
Luster: | Ability to reflect light. |