Question | Answer |
ACETYLCHOLINE | most abundant transmitter substance. Leads to excitement in many parts of the body, inhibitory with respect to the heart. |
CHOLINESTERASE | deactivates acetylcholine, released from different knob and destroys acetylcholine to prevent two way transport |
DOPAMINE | - transmitter substance, opposite of acetylcholine. Inhibitory of motor function, involved in emotional responses and regulation of skeletal muscle tone. |
NOR EPINEPHRINE | – transmitter, helps to create sense of well being, can lead to depression if you do not have enough. Once released and carries the message across synapse, its pumped back into the synaptic knobs and then destroyed by enzymes. |
SERATONIN | secreted by small intestine, acts primarily as inhibitory. Acts as a vasoconstrictor affects control of mood, sensory perceptions, and a little temperature regulation. Can lead to sleepiness. |
HISTAMINE | dilates blood vessels and stimulates gastric juices. |
GABA | inhibitory action, opens up chloride channels, found only in the brain, 1/3 of the all brain synapses use |
SUBSTANCE P | chemical that functions with pain impulse condition from spinal cord to brain |
SPINAL CORD | Located in the vertebral column, which is hollow inside. Extends from lower brain thru the foramen magnum, thru the 1st lumbar vertebrae thru the second one. |
CEREBRUM | controls higher functions and activities of the body such as intelligence, ability to read, write, speak, make calculations, compose music, remember the past, plan and imagine. |
FISSURES | grooves in the cerebrum divide it into hemispheres, |
FRONTAL | BRAIN LOBE RESPONSIBLE FOR learned motor activities (writing, playing a musical instrument) socialization, intelligence, judgment, moods, concentration, planning, complex problem solving, personality, |
PARIETAL | BRAIN LOBE RESPONSIBLE FOR – translation of speech or writing into thought, storage of past events, distinguish distances, touch and pain. |
TEMPORAL | LOBE OF all aspects of hearing, interprets pitch and rhythm, |
OCCIPITAL | LOBE includes everything dealing with vision |
CEREBRAL CORTEX | outermost portion of the cerebrum, thinking and reasoning brain. |
BASAL GANGLIA | located at the base of the brain. Responsible for posture, semi-automatic actions, coordinated movement and regulation of muscle tone. Does these along with cerebellum. |
CEREBELLUM | ) 2nd largest part of brain. Has gray mater outside, white matter inside. divided into hemispheres. |
MEDULLA | part of brain that actually attaches to the cord, composed primary of white matter, |
PONS | located just above the medulla and consist of white matter. Serves as a conduction pathway between the cord and parts of the brain. Connect cerebellum with the rest of the body. Reflex center for the 5th and 8th renial nerves. regulates respirations |
RETICULAR FORMATION | central core of brainstem. Functions: controls the cycling activities such as sleep and wake cycle, plays a role in arousal and maintaining conciousness and attention. |
LIMBIC SYSTEM | generalized area, parts of frontal parital and temporal lobes. Forms an encirculating band around the brain stem. Emotional aspects of behavior related to survival. memory along with cerebrum , pain, anger, rage, |
HIPPOCAMPUS | memory storages, consolidates recently acquired information about facts and events turning them from short term to long term. |
AMYDALA | generates emotions from perceptions and thoughts, lots of opiate receptors, associated with rage and aggression. |
BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER | blood flows to the brain mainly by blood vessels that branch and make up the circle of Willis at the base of the brain. |