Question | Answer |
pneumonic to read X-ray? | A: alignment
b: bone density
C: cartilage space |
what color is Air on an Xray? | black |
what color is bone on X-ray? | light gray |
what color is metal on X-ray? | white |
Objects with decreased radio density will be what color? vs Increasing radio density? | v black
^ white |
MRI or CT better for soft tissue? | MRI |
Bone scans/Bone scintigraphy is good for? | bone metabolic activity
stress fx
tumors |
Angiogram looks at? | blood vessels live w X-ray, CT< or MRI |
What is the gold standard for bone mineral density? | DEXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) |
Positron emission tomography (PET) is good for seing? | non perfused areas of heart
dementia, stroke, seizures, tumors |
Ventilation perfusion (V/Q) is good for seeing? | pulmonary emboli |
Fluroscopy is good for seeing? | Diaphragmatic excursion |
OM for Concussion? | SCAT 5 |
OM for vestibular? | CTSIB |
OM for Cervical? | NDI |
OM for shoulder? | DASH
SPADI |
OM for elbow and hand? | DASH |
OM for LBP? | Oswestry |
OM for Hip pain? | HOOS |
OM for knee? | KOOS |
OM for Ankle? | FAAM |
OM for TBI? | rancho
cog log
glascow coma |
OM for coordination? | SARA
9 hole peg |
OM for muscle performance? | 5x sit to stand |
OM for standing balance?
Cut off? | BERG ( 45/56)
mCTSIB
DGI (< 19 community dweller)
minibest |
OM for sitting balance? | FIST |
OM for SCI? | ASIA |
OM for PD?
W/C level? | UPDRS
Modified Hohn Yahr (5) |
OM for Stroke?
Cut off | Fugel meyer
> 19/66 |
OM for AMpuation?
Cut off? | TUG (13.5 sec)
AMPPRO
PEQ |
CP5-12 yo OM? | GMFM |
OM for motor coordination and balance of 4-21 yo? | Bruininks Oseretsky test of motor proficiency |
Kids birth to 72 months OM? | Peabody Developmental motor scale |
Kids birth to 42 months OM? | Bayley |
Depression OM?
cut off? | beck depression inventory (17 med help)
Geriatric depression scale
PHQ9 |
Cognition OM? | Cog log
mini mental
MoCA |
Mobility OM?
Cut off? | 5x STS
> 15 sec faller |
Fear OM? | FABQ |
Functional reach cut off? | 7 in |
Canadian Cspine rule for needing X-rays? | glascocoma 15
stale condition
> = 65 yo
dangerous MOI
parathesias |
safe assessment for ROM and no need for X-ray if? | sipel MVA
no contact w oncoming trafic
hit by similar vehicle
no roll over
sit upright in ER
walk in
delayed on set of neck pn
no acute neck pain
no mid spinous process tenderness
Cspine ROT 45 deg B |
CPR for cervical Radic? | + ULLT
+ spurlings
+ compression
< 60 deg c rot |
Frozen shoulder CPR? | age 45-60
PROM ER loss > 50% 90-90
los 30% at side |
Shoulder impincement CPR | neers +
Hawkin kennedy +
Painful arc _
lat cap slide test +
instability + |
AC dysfunction CPR? | horizontal Add
resisted horicontal ext test
obrien test
compression
TTP |
Carpal Tunnel CPR | hand shaking
Wrist ration > 0.67
symptom severity score > 1.9
v median sensory of 1st ray
age > 45 |
SI dysfunction CPR? | distraction
thigh thrust
gaenslens test
sacral thrust
compression |
ottawa knee rule CPR for xray? | > 55
isolated patella tenderness without boney tenderness
tenderness of rib head
inability to flex 90 deg
inability to bear wt immediately after or 4 steps at eval |
meniscus pathology CPR | Hx catching
jintline tenderness
bounce test
pn max knee flexion AROM
+ mcmurrays tet |
Ottawa ankle rule for X-ray? | pn in B malleoli
on at base of 5th
pn at navicular
pn in midfoot
inability to wt bear immediately after injury
unable to take 4 steps during eval |
Cervical thrust manip CPR? | < 38 days pn
+ belief it will help
difference in c rot of > 10 deg
pn w PA spring testing of mid Cspine |
traction for neck pn CPR | 55 yo or older
peripheralization of pn w C4-7 mobility assessment
+ shoulder ABD test
+ ULLT
+ distraction test |
lumbar stabilization will be unsuccessful CPR? | > 50% on oswestry
< 40 yo
SLR > 91%
aberrant motions present
+ prone instability |
Lumbar stabilization will be successful CPR? | < 50% on ODI
9 pt higher on FABQ
no aberrant movments
no lumbar hypermobility
- prone instability |
Fat solubel Vitamins and where stored? | ADEK
liver and fat |
Water Soluble vitamins? | B,C, |
vit A for? | eyes |
Vit D for? | increase blood flow |
Vit E for? | antioxidants |
Vit K for? | synthesis clotting |
B2 riboflavin or? | dissolve macros |
B6 Niacin for? | metabolism |
B12 vit for? | cell and hemoglobin synthesis |
Vit C for? | fight infections and facilitate wound healing |
magnesium helps w? | strong bones, teeth
Heart beat |
Copper helps w? | Lipid motabolism |
Iron helps w? | o2 transport |
Zinc aids in? | immune function and cell division |
DMARDs increase pt risk of___? | infection |
Beta 1 drugs act on?
Beta 2 drugs act on ? | heart
Lungs |
Beta drugs change what w exercise? | Decrease HR |
calcium channel blockers cause? | Bradycardia
peripheral vasodilation |
alpha 1 blockers can cause? | syncope
headache
palpatations
sedation
depression |
after _____nitrates given for angina call EMS? | 3 |
on Digoxin need to check pulse where? | apical |
warfin and heparin are? | antigoagulants |
on Anticoagulants and thrombolytics pt at risk of? | hemorage |
On statins for??
what problems can occur? | cholesterol manage
NMR weakness, GI upset |
Tricyclics for antidepressants need to watch? | orthostatic hypotension |
Anti anxiety drugs? | benzodiazapines
antianxiety |
what is rebound effect of psych drugs? | insomnia and increased anxiety |
Bioavailability? | % of meds that reach the systemic circulation |
to cross blood brain barrier meds need? | high lipid soluble |
Prodrugs are?
ex? | inactive when administered and converted to active by the liver
crotisone njection |
half life? a | mount of time it takes plasma concentrate to drop 50% |
antagonist drugs? | block receptors |
anticholinergic drugs have characteristic of? | no sweating, palpitations, mental status changes, dry skin |
Drugs that affect pulmonary system? | opiates (depression)
non specific Beta blockers (broncho spasm)
chemo (pulm infiltrates) |
Cellulitis vs Dermitis? | Derm: oozing, crusting, scaling, itching
c: "orange skin" |
how high should the foot of the bed be elevated w DVT? | 6 in |
What is hemophilia? | inherited blood clotting disorder |
Dermitis vs Psoriasis? | D: inflammatory red, edema, oozing, crusting, scaling, itching
P: chronic skin disease (silver, scales, plaques) |
What is scleroderma? characteristics? | chronci difusse disease of connective tissue
Fibrotic and contractors of everything |
acute healing phase lasts?
Focus? | 0-3 days
v swelling and pain
PRICE MEM |
Inflammatory phase lasts how long?
Focus? | v swelling and pain |
how do u know injury has moved into inflammatory stage? | decreased swelling & discoloration |
Proliferation/Fibroblastic Repair stage length?
focus | 4-10 days
v pain, muscle pump, ^ circulation
faciliate lymohatic flow |
Maturation remodeling phase is from?
focus | day 7 to recovery
v pain, ^ circulation, lymph flow |
Lumbar stenosis CPR: | B S&S
leg pin > back pain
pn increases with walking and standing
pain decreases w sitting
age > 48 |
Ankylosis Spondylosis CPR? | pan dec w exercise
wake 1/3 of night due to pain
am stiffness > 30 min
buttock pain |