Question | Answer |
What is the longest of the major parts of the cell cycle? | Interphase |
___ is the stage during the cell cycle where the cell's nucleus and nuclear material divide. | Mitosis |
____ is the stage during the cell cycle in which the cytoplasm and the organelles except for the nucleus of the cell divide and make 2 new cells | cytokinesis |
What is the product of cytokinesis? | Daughter cells |
When the DNA is spread out in the nucleus while it is being used to make mRNA and copy itself, the DNA is called: | chromatin |
During prophase of mitosis, the chromatin condenses into structures called ___. | chromosomes |
During ___ of mitosis, the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. | metaphase |
During__ of mitosis, the nuclear envelope and the nucleolus disappear while the chromatin condenses into chromosomes. | prophase |
Sister chromatids are attached to the spindle fibers by____. | centromere |
During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes begin moving to the opposite poles of a cell? | Anaphase |
During __ of mitosis, the sister chromatids arrive at opposite sides of the cell, the nuclear envelop reappears as well as the nucleolus. | telophase |
____ is anything in an organism's environment that can cause cells to begin dividing out of control. | carcinogen |
____ is uncontrolled cell division. | Cancer |
_______ are normal genes in normal cells that are constantly telling the cell to divide but are shut off if the cell is touching a neighboring cell. | Oncogenes |
______ are normal genes in normal cells that code for sensors on the surface of the cell that tell the cell if its touching another cell. If the cell is touching another cell, the cell will not divide. | Tumor suppressor genes. |
____ is a very important event that occurs in prophase I of meiosis in which homologous chromosomes exchange chromosomal segments. This increases the genetic variation of the organism. | Crossing over |
Cells that contain pairs of chromosomes are said to be ___. Body cells of organisms are this. | diploid |
Cells that only contain one chromosome of a pair are said to be ___. Gamete cells are this. | haploid |
__________ is the process of a sperm and an egg fusing together. | fertilization |
The process of _____ creates haploid gametes. | meiosis |
During ____ chromosome pairs are pairing up, aligning in the center of the cell, then traveling to opposite sides of the cell. | Meiosis I |
During ____ individual chromosomes (sister chromatids) are aligning in the center of the cell then traveling to opposite sides of the cell. | Meiosis II |