| Term | Definition |
| Diphenhydramine | 1st Gen H1 Agonist Antihistamine (aka Benadryl)
Cause sedation, anticholinergic effects, CNS Depression, GI discomfort |
| -zine | Antihistamine
Ex. Promethazine (Phenergan), Cetirizine (Zyrtec) |
| -olol | Beta Adrenergic Blockers
Lower BP (Fall risk), lower HR, Vasodilation for angina, given for glaucoma, do not use for asthma (wheezes)
Not for bronchospasm or heart failure |
| -pam /-lam | Benzodiazepines
ex. Diazapam, lorazapam, Alprazolam
GABA sustainers for anxiety, seizures, insomnia
Cause CNS depression, toxicity, withdrawal
Cat D, schedule IV
Short-term |
| Drug for alcohol withdrawal | Diazapam (BENZOS ARE PRIORITY TREATMENT IN EMERGENCY)
Disulfuram: antabuse, unpleasant rxn to alcohol, used for maintainance |
| Antidote for APAP | Acetylcysteine (aka Mucomyst) |
| Other name for Colace | Docusate Sodium
Stool softener |
| Priority Order for Constipation | 1. Fluid, Fiber, Exercise 2. Metamucil (psyllium) or Docusate Sodium = stool soft 3. Miralax or Senna = stimulants, fine for renal 4. Milk of Mag (magnesium hyroxide) = bad for renal failure! 5. Suppositories, enemas, fleet phosphate = bad for renal |
| Antidote for Benzo Toxicity | Oral: gastric lavage followed by activated charcoal or saline cathartics
Antidote: Flumazenil |
| -cillin | Antibiotics/PCNs
Allergy risk, can impact BC, take on empty stomach, increases INR (no warfarin), use probiotics |
| ceph- | Antiobiotics: Cephalosporins
Allergy risk, disulfuram rxn when taken w/ alcohol, increases INR, use probiotics |
| sulfa- | Antibiotic/Sulfonamide for UTIs
Take with lots of water d/t renal crystals, allergy risk, hyperkalemia and low platelets, increases INR |
| INR Levels for normal and on warfarin | <1.1 for normal, 2-3 for warfarin |
| -cyclines | Antibiotics/Tetracyclines |
| TB Meds | Rifampin (orange urine and secretions)
Isonizid |
| Definition of Angina | Chest pain |
| When do infants receive their DTaP vaccines? | Beginning at 2 months |
| Definition of parasthesia | tingling in the extremeties |
| Definiton of Oliguria | low amounts of urine |
| Priority Interventions for Allergic Reaction | 1. Stop infusion (if applicable)
2. Give Epi
3. Elevate Legs
4. Draw blood for ABG (arterial blood gas) |
| Definition of Xerostomia | Dry mouth |
| Antidote for Opioids | Naloxone in emergency or naltrexone
Mathadone in non-emergency |
| Antidote for Protamine Sulfate | Protamine |
| Definition of Myalgia | Muscle Pain |
| What is Steven-Johnson Syndrome? | Allergic reaction, with flu-like symptoms followed by a rash |
| How to use an Epipen | Inject into outer thigh, may be given through clothes if needed
Keep leg still while injecting
Do not give into buttocks
Do not use if expired
Store at room temp |
| Side Effects of Epipen | Chest pain or pressure
fast or irregular heart beat
shortness of breath |
| Mechanisms of Epipen | Open airway, increase HR and BP, reduce swelling |
| Lab Findings for client on Heparin | aPTT 1.5-2x baseline
Hold if platelet count < 100,000 |
| Normal Platelet Count | 150,000-450,000 |
| Antidote for Heparin | Promatine slow IV |
| Difference between Heparin and Warfarin | Heparine is given via parenteral route while warfarin is oral |
| Theophylline | Like aminophylline
Long term control of asthma or COPD
Not a first-line med
Serum levels should be between 5-10
Increased levels are indicated by dysrhythmias and seizures
Report nausea, diarrhea, restlessness
interacts w/ caffeine |
| Nitroglycerin Transdermal Patch | Remove old patch, do not cut, place on hairless area, but do not shave area, rotate sites, remove patch at night for 10-12 hours |
| Nitroglycerin Topical Ointment | Remove prior dose, measure with applicator paper 2.5-3.5 inches, cover w/ clear plastic wrap (not gauze) |
