Question | Answer |
Hemisphere | half of the globe |
Equator | an imaginary line that circles the middle of the Earth; makes Northern and Southern hemispheres |
Prime Meridian | imaginary line that runs North to South; makes Eastern and Western hemispheres |
Degree | unit of measurement of latitude and longitude |
Grid | set of lines used to find location on a map |
Absolute Location | exact position of a place on the Earth’s surface; measured in latitude and longitude |
Latitude | imaginary parallel lines that circle the Earth; run east to west; measure distance north or south of the Equator |
Longitude | imaginary lines, or meridians; run north to south; measure distance east or west of the Prime Meridian |
Map Key | explains symbols and colors used on a map |
Scale Bar | shows distance on a map |
Compass Rose | shows direction on a map |
Cardinal Directions | north, south, east, west |
Intermediate Directions | northwest, southwest, northeast, southeast |
Physical Map | map that shows landforms and water features |
Political Map | map that shows human-made features (boundaries, cities) |
Thematic Map | map that shows specific topics in detail |
GPS | device that receives signals from satellites to tell exact locations on the Earth |
GIS | computer software that helps geographers gather and use information about a place |
Landform | land or water feature of the Earth's surface |
Natural Resources | products of the Earth that people use to meet their needs |
Renewable Resources | cannot be used up; can be replaced |
Nonrenewable Resources | cannot be replaced; limited supply |
Acid Rain | rain containing high amounts of chemical pollutants |
Deforestation | cutting down trees without replanting |
Conservation | careful use of resources |
Ecosystems | places where plants and animals are dependent upon one another and their surroundings to live |
Death Rate | number of people out of every 1,000 who die in a year |
Birthrate | number of children born each year for every 1,000 people |
Famine | lack of food |
Population Density | average number of people living in a square mile or kilometer |
Urbanization | movement to cities |
Emigrate | move to another country |
Refugee | person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or a natural disaster |
Developed Country | industrialized country; more developed country; For Example: The United States of America |
Developing Country | a poor agricultural country that is working to become a developed country; working toward industrialization |
Atmosphere | the air; the gases surrounding Earth |
Lithosphere | the geosphere; the outer part of Earth consisting of the upper mantle and crust |
Hydrosphere | all the water on Earth |
Biosphere | living things; the part of the Earth's crust, waters, and atmosphere that supports life |
Abroad | in a foreign country |
Border | natural or artificial line separating two pieces of land |
Export | good or service traded to another area |
Free Trade | international exchange of goods and services without taxes or other fees |
Globalization | connection of different parts of the world resulting in the expansion of international cultural, economic, and political activities |
Import | good traded from another area |
Migrant | person who regularly moves from place to place, usually in search of work |
Popular Culture | goods, services, ideas, and patterns of their use in a population |
Port | place on a body of water where ships can tie up or dock and load and unload cargo |
Raw Material | matter that needs to be processed into a product to use or sell |
Standard of Living | amount of goods and services a person in a specific community or geographic area is able to afford |
Tariff | tax imposed on imports or exports |
Trade | buying, selling, or exchanging of goods and services |
Negotiation | talk it over and try to compromise |
Mediation | a third party helps solve the problem |
Treaty | deal or agreement |
Sanctions | cut off trade, aid, or diplomacy to a country |
Foreign Policy | a country’s strategy for dealing with other countries |
Policy | a plan that includes an overall goal and the kinds of actions that are okay to take in order to achieve the goal |
National Interest | all the things a country believes would be for its benefit |
Internationalism | a country chooses to get involved in other |
Isolationism | a country focuses on its own problems and does not get involved in other countries’ issues |
Conflict | when you disagree or quarrel with someone |
Cooperation | when you agree or work with someone |
International Conflict | when countries disagree |
International Cooperation | when countries have something to gain by working together to solve problems |
Organization | a group of people, business, or governments that work together to solve an issue |
International Organizations | involve governments or people from different countries working together to solve an issue that crosses country border |
Intergovernmental Organizations | organizations that were formed between governments |
Nongovernmental Organizations | groups that solve problems around the world; they are not connected to any government; the government doesn’t own the organizations |