Question | Answer |
DNA replication is | semiconservative |
DNA double helix denatures (strands separate),Each strand serves as the template for the synthesis of new second strand,and DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides in | DNA replication |
The nucleotide comes in as a | triphosphate |
bidirectional from a single origin of replication is the pattern of DNA synthesis in | procaryotes |
portion of the genome that contains an origin and is replicated as a unit | replicon |
bidirectional and multiple origins of replication is the pattern of DNA synthesis in | eukaryotes |
some small circular genomes (e.g., viruses and plasmids)replicated by | rolling-circle mechanism |
unzips the DNA helix | helicase |
synthesizes an RNA primer | primase |
adds bases to the new DNA chain; proofreading the chain for mistakes | DNA polymerase III |
removes primer, closes gaps, and repairs mismatches | DNA polymerase I |
supercoiling | gyrase |
uses each strand as template and synthesizes complementary strands | DNA polymerase III |
joins fragments to form complete strands of DNA | ligase |
the manner in which genetic instructions for polypeptide synthesis are stored within genome | genetic code |
sequence of base pairs in DNA corresponds to the amino acid sequence of polypeptide encoded | colinearity |
genetic code word and specifies an amino acid | codon |
codon meanings deciphered by | Marshall Nirenberg |
up to six different codons can code for a single amino acid | code degeneracy |
the 61 codons that specify amino acids | sense codons |
the three codons used as translation termination signals (UGA,UAG, UAA)and they do not encode amino acids | stop codons |